Association between olfactory sulcus morphology and olfactory functioning in schizophrenia and psychosis high-risk status

Takahashi, Tsutomu; Nakamura, Mihoko; Sasabayashi, Daiki; Nishikawa, Yumiko; Takayanagi, Yoichiro; Furuichi, Atsushi; Kido, Mikio; Mizukami, Yuko; Nishiyama, Shimako; Higuchi, Yuko; Tateno, Takahiro; Itoh, Hiroko; Noguchi, Kyo; Masaoka, Yuri; Suzuki, Michio

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02642

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Based on the potential relationship between brain gyrification and local neuronal connectivity (Van Essen, 1997), the present results appear to be consistent with previous functional neuroimaging findings showing that the ARMS and Sz groups share local connectivity disruption involved in HG (Yoon et al, 2015;Du et al, 2018). A few MRI studies on cortical surface features in clinical high-risk individuals also showed similar gross morphological characteristics, such as altered sulcogyral patterns (Sasabayashi et al, 2017;Nakamura et al, 2019) and sulcaldepth abnormalities (Takahashi et al, 2019b), with patients with established Sz. In contrast to the evidence of active gray matter reductions in the superior temporal plane (e.g., HG and planum temporale) during the early illness stages of psychosis (Takahashi and Suzuki, 2018), a recent longitudinal study demonstrated the stability of gyrification features during the clinical high-risk period as a marker of early neurodevelopmental insults (Damme et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Heschl’s Gyrus Duplication Pattern in Individuals at Risk of Developing Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia

Takahashi

Sasabayashi

Takayanagi

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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An increased prevalence of duplicated Heschl’s gyrus (HG), which may reflect an early neurodevelopmental pathology, has been reported in schizophrenia (Sz). However, it currently remains unclear whether individuals at risk of psychosis exhibit similar brain morphological characteristics. This magnetic resonance imaging study investigated the distribution of HG gyrification patterns [i.e., single HG, common stem duplication (CSD), and complete posterior duplication (CPD)] and their relationship with clinical characteristics in 57 individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) [of whom 5 (8.8%) later developed Sz], 63 patients with Sz, and 61 healthy comparisons. The prevalence of duplicated HG patterns (i.e., CSD or CPD) bilaterally was significantly higher in the ARMS and Sz groups than in the controls, whereas no significant differences were observed in HG patterns between these groups. The left CSD pattern, particularly in the Sz group, was associated with a verbal fluency deficit. In the ARMS group, left CSD pattern was related to a more severe general psychopathology. The present results suggest that an altered gyrification pattern on the superior temporal plane reflects vulnerability factors associated with Sz, which may also contribute to the clinical features of high-risk individuals, even without the onset of psychosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Heschl’s Gyrus Duplication Pattern in Individuals at Risk of Developing Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia

Takahashi

Sasabayashi

Takayanagi

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…The OFC presents three qualitatively distinct sulcal patterns based on the continuity of the medial orbital sulci (MOS) and lateral orbital sulci (LOS): in Type I, caudal and rostral portions of the LOS are connected, while the MOS are interrupted between caudal and rostral portions of MOS; in Type II, caudal and rostral portions of both the LOS and MOS are connected and continuous LOS and MOS are jointed by the horizontally oriented transverse orbital sulcus (TOS); in Type III, caudal and rostral portions of both LOS and MOS are interrupted (Chiavaras and Petrides, 2000). Unusual sulcal pattern distributions of OFC have been repeatedly reported in patients with established schizophrenia (Nakamura et al, 2007(Nakamura et al, , 2020Isomura et al, 2017), including in prodromal stage (Nakamura et al, 2019;Takahashi et al, 2019). OFC sulcal pattern is associated with socioeconomic status, cognitive function, symptom severity and impulsivity (Nakamura et al, 2007).…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Deciphering the Fetal Foundation of Normal Cognition and Cognitive Symptoms From Sulcation of the Cortex

et al. 2021

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Growing evidence supports that prenatal processes play an important role for cognitive ability in normal and clinical conditions. In this context, several neuroimaging studies searched for features in postnatal life that could serve as a proxy for earlier developmental events. A very interesting candidate is the sulcal, or sulco-gyral, patterns, macroscopic features of the cortex anatomy related to the fold topology—e.g., continuous vs. interrupted/broken fold, present vs. absent fold-or their spatial organization. Indeed, as opposed to quantitative features of the cortical sheet (e.g., thickness, surface area or curvature) taking decades to reach the levels measured in adult, the qualitative sulcal patterns are mainly determined before birth and stable across the lifespan. The sulcal patterns therefore offer a window on the fetal constraints on specific brain areas on cognitive abilities and clinical symptoms that manifest later in life. After a global review of the cerebral cortex sulcation, its mechanisms, its ontogenesis along with methodological issues on how to measure the sulcal patterns, we present a selection of studies illustrating that analysis of the sulcal patterns can provide information on prenatal dispositions to cognition (with a focus on cognitive control and academic abilities) and cognitive symptoms (with a focus on schizophrenia and bipolar disorders). Finally, perspectives of sulcal studies are discussed.

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“…SCZ patients as well as FRs exhibited lower olfactory bulb volumes than HCs (Nguyen et al, 2011;Takahashi et al, 2019;Turetsky et al, 2003). Furthermore, the olfactory sulcus, an indicator of olfactory system development, which is associated with odor identification ability, was shallower bilaterally in ARMS and SCZ patients than in HCs (Takahashi et al, 2019). These structural abnormalities might be responsible for olfactory impairments in SCZ patients, individuals with ARMS and FRs.…”

Section: Correlations Between Olfactory Identification Ability and Cl...mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The intermediate stria was the smallest and projected superiorly to meet the anterior olfactory nucleus near the olfactory trigone. Abnormalities in the olfactory bulb and olfactory-related brain structures, including the frontal and temporal cortices and subcortical structures, have been reported in SCZ patients and FRs (Masaoka et al, 2020; Nguyen et al, 2011; Ohi et al, 2016, 2017, 2022a; Takahashi et al, 2019; Turetsky et al, 2003). SCZ patients as well as FRs exhibited lower olfactory bulb volumes than HCs (Nguyen et al, 2011; Takahashi et al, 2019; Turetsky et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abnormalities in the olfactory bulb and olfactory-related brain structures, including the frontal and temporal cortices and subcortical structures, have been reported in SCZ patients and FRs (Masaoka et al, 2020; Nguyen et al, 2011; Ohi et al, 2016, 2017, 2022a; Takahashi et al, 2019; Turetsky et al, 2003). SCZ patients as well as FRs exhibited lower olfactory bulb volumes than HCs (Nguyen et al, 2011; Takahashi et al, 2019; Turetsky et al, 2003). Furthermore, the olfactory sulcus, an indicator of olfactory system development, which is associated with odor identification ability, was shallower bilaterally in ARMS and SCZ patients than in HCs (Takahashi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfactory identification ability among schizophrenia patients, their first-degree relatives and healthy subjects

Fukuda

Ohi

Fujikane

et al. 2023

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Objective: Olfactory impairments, including identification, have been reported in patients with schizophrenia, while few studies have examined the olfactory function of unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, and the sample sizes of first-degree relatives were relatively small. Here, we investigated olfactory identification ability among patients with schizophrenia, first-degree relatives and healthy controls (HCs) using relatively large sample sizes at a single institute. Methods: To assess olfactory identification ability, the open essence odorant identification test was administered to 172 schizophrenia patients, 75 first-degree relatives and 158 healthy controls. Differences in olfactory identification and correlations between olfactory ability and clinical variables were examined among these participants. Results: We found a significant difference in olfactory identification ability among the diagnostic groups ( p = 7.65 × 10−16). Schizophrenia patients displayed lower olfactory identification ability than first-degree relatives (Cohen’s d = −0.57, p = 3.13 × 10−6) and healthy controls ( d = −1.00, p = 2.19 × 10−16). Furthermore, first-degree relatives had lower olfactory identification ability than healthy controls ( d = −0.29, p = 0.039). Olfactory identification ability moderately and negatively correlated with the duration of illness ( r = −0.41, p = 1.88 × 10−8) and negative symptoms ( r = −0.28, p = 1.99 × 10−4) in schizophrenia patients, although the correlation with the duration of illness was affected by aging ( r = −0.24). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that schizophrenia patients have impaired olfactory identification ability compared with first-degree relatives and healthy controls, and the impaired olfactory identification ability of first-degree relatives was intermediate between those in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Olfactory identification ability was relatively independent of clinical variables. Therefore, olfactory identification ability might be an intermediate phenotype for schizophrenia.

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Association between olfactory sulcus morphology and olfactory functioning in schizophrenia and psychosis high-risk status

Cited by 9 publications

References 33 publications

Heschl’s Gyrus Duplication Pattern in Individuals at Risk of Developing Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia

Heschl’s Gyrus Duplication Pattern in Individuals at Risk of Developing Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia

Towards Deciphering the Fetal Foundation of Normal Cognition and Cognitive Symptoms From Sulcation of the Cortex

Olfactory identification ability among schizophrenia patients, their first-degree relatives and healthy subjects

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