Association between metabolic syndrome and radiographic spine osteoarthritis: Cross‐sectional analysis using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract

Objective A relationship between spine osteoarthritis (OA) and metabolic syndrome has not been established. This study evaluated whether metabolic syndrome is associated with radiographic spine OA in the Korean population. Methods A total of 2252 subjects older than 50 years who underwent plain radiography of the lumbar spine during the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2012 were enrolled. Radiographic grading of the lumbar spine was performed using the Kellgren‐Lawrence (K‐L) grading scale, ranging from grade 0 to grade 2. K‐L grade 2 was defined as lumbar spine OA, while those of K‐L grade 0 or 1 were defined as controls. Results The prevalence of spine OA was 28.1% (n = 689). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in spine OA was not different from that among controls. The cumulative number of metabolic syndrome components was significantly different between spine OA and controls (P = .027). Subjects with K‐L grade 1 or grade 2 showed higher proportion of metabolic syndrome and its cumulative components than those of K‐L grade 0. Two or 3 or more metabolic syndrome components were significantly associated with spine OA (P = .012 and P = .010, respectively). Abnormal waist circumference was weakly associated with spine OA (odds ratio 1.233, 95% CI 1.000‐1.520, P = .050). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age and female gender were linked with spine OA, but not metabolic syndrome. Conclusion This study found lack of association between metabolic syndrome and radiographic spine OA.