Association between metabolic deteriorations and prior gestational diabetes according to weight status

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on glucose and insulin homeostasis according to weight status. Methods: The analysis included 299 women, 216 with [GDM(1)] and 83 without prior GDM [GDM(2)]. The mean time between pregnancy and testing was 3.9 years. Glucose values were obtained from a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray. Results: In women with normal BMI, fasting glucose, 2-h post-OGTT glucose, and HbA 1 were higher for GDM(1) (P < 0.05). Normal-weight women with GDM(1) presented lower HOMA-IS, insulin secretion, and insulinogenic index (P < 0.05) compared to GDM(2). Body fat and android fat mass were higher, gynoid fat mass was similar, and lean body mass was decreased in GDM(1) vs. GDM(2) with normal weight (P < 0.05). A greater proportion of GDM (1) with overweight/obesity had prediabetes (72.1%) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) (21.7%) vs. GDM(2) and overweight/obesity (17.1 and 2.4%) or GDM(1) and normal weight (60.5 and 14.0%). Conclusions: A combination of GDM and overweight/obesity is associated with T2D-related metabolic deteriorations. Nevertheless, normal-weight women with GDM(1) had increased android fat and greater metabolic complications, suggesting that women with prior GDM should benefit from lifestyle intervention, regardless of their weight status.

Progression to type 2 diabetes in women with a known history of gestational diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The 20 studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis had differing lengths of follow-up, time of screening, ethnic origin of study participants, and diagnostic criteria for both GDM and T2DM 2728313334353637383940414243444546474849. All studies were observational, seven were described as prospective cohorts, six as retrospective cohorts, four as population based studies, two as follow-up studies, and one as a hospital based study.…”

Association of prenatal exposure to gestational diabetes with offspring body composition and regional body fat distribution

“…Mothers who had a pregnancy complicated or not complicated by GDM between 2003 and 2013 were recruited, as well as their children. They were recruited through invitation letters sent to women with a diagnosis of GDM according to medical records of the two major hospitals with a neonatal care unit in the metropolitan area of Quebec City ( Hôpital Saint‐François d'Assise, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval – CHUL ) or according to administrative data from the provincial health plan registry ( Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec ) . Recruitment was also conducted by emails sent to Laval University community as well as posts on Facebook and healthcare websites.…”

The Risk for Glucose Intolerance after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus since the Introduction of the IADPSG Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Our initial search yielded 7970 publications, of which 109 articles were reviewed in full and 43 studies were included in the final analysis [3,11,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55]. Forty studies reported on T2DM [3,11,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43…”