Association between maternal periodontal status and ultrasonographic measurement of fetal growth: A longitudinal study

Abstract

the aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the association between intrauterine fetal growth patterns and periodontal status in pregnant women. fifty-three pregnant women were recruited. periodontitis was diagnosed based on probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Maternal urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels and body mass index were recorded. Ultrasonographic measurements of the biparietal diameter (BpD), abdominal circumference (Ac), and femur length (fL) were recorded, and estimated fetal weight (efW) was calculated. in addition, approximation spline curves of BPD, AC, FL, and EFW were obtained throughout the gestation period. Recorded delivery outcomes were gestational age (GA), birth weight and length, sex, placental weight, and umbilical cord length. Forty-four participants (34.1 ± 4.9 years) were analyzed. Mean neonatal birth weight was 2906.0 ± 544.4 g. On multiple regression analysis, birth weight was related with periodontitis (standardized β = −0.21, P = 0.001). For EFW and BPD, the curves of the periodontitis group were located lower than those of the non-periodontitis group, with significant differences after 32 weeks and 20 weeks of GA, respectively. In conclusion, periodontal treatment before conception may be recommended and a good periodontal condition in the early stage of pregnancy at the latest is desirable for infant growth.

Comparisons of Periodontal Status between Females Referenced for Fertility Treatment and Fertile Counterparts: A Pilot Case–Control Study

“…Growing evidence supports a relationship between PD and female infertility related conditions, namely polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [ 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ], endometriosis [ 29 , 30 ] and obesity [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Furthermore, recent studies have substantiated the relationship between maternal PD as a potential risk factor of adverse pregnancy outcomes [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Periodontal therapy may prevent or reduce perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in mothers at high risk [ 65 , 66 ], though a Cochrane review reported unclear evidence that periodontal treatment during pregnancy has an impact on preterm birth [ 67 ].…”

Maternal Gut Microbiome Decelerates Fetal Endochondral Bone Formation by Inducing Inflammatory Reaction

“…It is also a place of communication between the fetus and the mother. We previously reported that the estimated fetal growth was suppressed in pregnant women with periodontal disease in late pregnancy compared with healthy controls [ 37 ]. As placental nutrient transport is associated with placental weight [ 38 ], maternal-gut-microbiota-derived substances may have reached the fetus via the placenta and triggered inflammatory gene expression on the fetal side.…”

Avaliação periodontal de gestantes após parto: estudo transversal

“…Further investigations are necessary with a detailed classification of periodontitis, based on severity, complexity, extent, and distribution, in order to evaluate the actual impact of the periodontal condition on pregnancy. Until then, dental screening and treatment before conception is a reasonable recommendation to prevent oral problems during pregnancy 35 .…”

“…Taniguchi-Tabata et al 14 investigated the association between intrauterine fetal growth patterns and periodontal status in 53 pregnant women, whose periodontitis was diagnosed based on Probing depth (PD) and CAL. The levels of maternal urinary 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine and the body mass index were recorded.…”