Association between maternal diabetes, being large for gestational age and breast-feeding on being overweight or obese in childhood

Kaul, Padma; Bowker, Samantha L.; Savu, Anamaria; Yeung, Roseanne O.; Donovan, Lois; Ryan, Edmond A.

doi:10.1007/s00125-018-4758-0

Cited by 51 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Conversely, LGA newborns had increased odds of EAR compared to their NGA counterparts, confirming that LGA status is a risk factor for being overweight or obese in early childhood, as demonstrated by previous studies [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Premature Birth is an Independent Risk Factor for Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the second rise of the body mass index (BMI) curve that usually occurs physiologically between five and seven years of age. AR timing has a great impact on patients’ health, since early adiposity rebound (EAR) is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome later in life. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of EAR in a cohort of inborn preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Section of the Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Italy. Secondarily, we assessed whether some determinants such as (1) gender; (2) delivery mode; (3) birth weight and classification into small, normal, or large for gestational age; (4) type of feeding; (5) breastfeeding duration; (6) timing of introduction of solid food; (7) parental education; and (8) parental pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) influenced EAR in this cohort. The tertiary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity or being overweight at seven years of age in children according to early versus timely AR. This is a prospective, population-based longitudinal study conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Section of the Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, Italy. Inborn preterm infants admitted to the neonatal ward between 2009 and 2011 were eligible. Enrolled preterm infants were evaluated at birth and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 years of age. Weight and height data were analyzed, and BMI was calculated. AR was assessed in the growth trajectory in a body mass index (BMI) plot. Of the 250 preterm newborns included, 100 completed the seven-year follow-up and entered the final analysis, 138 were lost during the seven-year follow-up, and in 12 cases parents withdrew over the course of the study. The prevalence of EAR in our cohort of preterm newborns was 54% at seven years of age. Early adiposity rebound was associated with being large for gestational age (LGA) at birth. No other factors were associated with EAR. Early adiposity rebounders had a significantly higher BMI at seven years compared to children with timely AR (17.2 ± 2.7 vs. 15.6 ± 2.05, p = 0.021). No significant differences were found in the prevalence of obesity or being overweight at seven years of age in children with early or timely AR (29% vs. 14%, p = 0.202). Ex-preterm infants have an increased risk of EAR. Since EAR may lead to long-term detrimental health effects with the onset of various chronic diseases (e.g., obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.), healthcare providers should be prepared to counteract its occurrence, especially in delicate sub-populations of infants.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Premature Birth is an Independent Risk Factor for Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…LGA newborns had increased odds of EAR compared to their NGA counterparts, confirming that LGA status is a strong marker for risk of being overweight/obese in early childhood, as previous published. [25][26] In our sample of preterm infants, parental BMI and educational status have not shown a significant relationship with EAR, despite they have been identified in other studies as strong determinant of AR onset in offspring. 27 -28 Up to date, breastfeeding has been demonstrated to have a protective effect against childhood obesity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Timing of Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants is not Associated with Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

Martire¹,

Mauro²,

Caroli³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Adiposity rebound (AR) refers to the second rise of the BMI curve that usually occurs physiologically between 5 and 7 years of age. AR timing has a great impact on children´s health, being the early adiposity rebound (EAR) associated with the development of metabolic disease later in life. Aim: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of EAR in a cohort of preterm newborns. Secondary outcomes evaluated if some determinants such as (1) gender (male/female), (2) type of delivery (caesarean/vaginal), (3) birth weight (SGA/NGA/LGA), (4) type of feeding (5) duration of breastfeeding, (6) timing of introduction of solid food, (7) parental education and (8) parental pre-pregnancy BMI can influence EAR in this cohort. Tertiary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity or overweight at 7 years of age in children according to early versus timely AR. Methods: This is a perspective, population-based longitudinal study, where infants born preterm were evaluated at birth and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 24 months and 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 years of gestational-corrected age. Weight and height data were analyzed, and BMI was calculated. AR was assessed in the growth trajectory in a body mass index (BMI) plot. Results: Of the 250 preterm newborns included, 100 completed the 7 years follow-up and entered in the final analysis. The prevalence of EAR in our cohort of preterm newborns was 54%. EAR was associated with being LGA at birth. No other factors were associated to EAR. Early adiposity rebounders have a significant higher BMI at 7 years compared to children with timely AR (17.2 ±2.7 vs 15.6 ± 2.05, p=0.021). No significant differences were found in the prevalence of obesity or overweight at 7 years of age in children with early or timely AR (29% vs 14% p=0.202). Conclusions: Clinical management of preterm infants should focus on reducing excess weight gain to prevent long-term metabolic risk. Others neonatal factors are not associated to an higher risk of EAR.

show abstract

“…These are the most frequent adverse outcomes registered in the database, and both are associated with adverse long-term metabolic outcome for the children. Being born LGA has been shown to be a stronger marker for risk of being overweight/obese in early childhood compared with maternal diabetes during pregnancy [35]. SGA neonates on the other hand have a significantly increased risk for cardiovascular dysfunction in early childhood [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reappraisal of Gestational Weight Gain Recommendations in Obese Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Study of 337,590 Births

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objective: Maternal obesity is an epidemic health problem that is aggravated by excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention. Current US Institute of Medicine (now US National Academy of Medicine) guidelines (2009) for GWG need to be evaluated against the current rise in obesity in the general and pregnant population. We wanted to study the relation between GWG and pregnancy and birth outcomes and to relate this to the current recommendations for GWG. Methods: Population-based study. We performed an epidemiological analysis in a cohort of Belgian pregnant women with singleton live births at term (≥37 weeks) between 2009 and 2014 (n = 337,590). Logistic regression was used to determine the optimal GWG in relation to relevant pregnancy and birth outcomes. Results: The prevalence of maternal obesity significantly increased from 10.3% in 2009 to 11.4% in 2014. The mean (SD) body mass index at the start of the pregnancy significantly increased from 23.9 (4.5) in 2009 to 24.2 (4.6) in 2014. Excessive GWG was frequent, especially in overweight (56.8%) and obese (52.9%) pregnant women. In the logistic regression model, the amount of GWG associated with the lowest incidence of both large-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age infants was 21 kg in underweight women, 14 kg in normal weight, 8 kg in overweight, 0 kg in obese class I, –4 kg in obese class II and –5 kg in obese class III. Conclusion: The prevalence of maternal obesity has risen in Belgium between 2009 and 2014. Current GWG guidelines, based on historic observational data, are probably too liberal for class II and III obese women in which better outcomes are being predicted for lower weight gain than recommended.

show abstract

Association between maternal diabetes, being large for gestational age and breast-feeding on being overweight or obese in childhood

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Premature Birth is an Independent Risk Factor for Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

Premature Birth is an Independent Risk Factor for Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

Timing of Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants is not Associated with Early Adiposity Rebound: Longitudinal Analysis of BMI Data from Birth to 7 Years

Reappraisal of Gestational Weight Gain Recommendations in Obese Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Study of 337,590 Births

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About