Association Between Long-Term Cognitive Decline in Vietnam Veterans With TBI and Caregiver Attachment Style

Guevara, Andrea Brioschi; Démonet, Jean François; Polejaeva, Elena; Knutson, Kristine M.; Wassermann, Eric M.; Grafman, Jordan

doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000046

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In addition, secondary events associated with TBI can influence the life quality of patients [20]. Patients may have a decline in cognitive functions [21,22], risk of cerebral atrophy and dementia [23]. Traumatic injury is a widely used animal model that directly relate to the common clinical problem in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Signaling in Acute Inflammation and Neural Differentiation Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury

Fusco

Gugliandolo

Siracusa

et al. 2020

Biology

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a shocking disease frequently followed by behavioral disabilities, including risk of cerebral atrophy and dementia. N-formylpeptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is expressed in cells and neurons in the central nervous system. It is involved in inflammatory processes and during the differentiation process in the neural stem cells. We investigate the effect of the absence of Fpr1 gene expression in mice subjected to TBI from the early stage of acute inflammation to neurogenesis and systematic behavioral testing four weeks after injury. C57BL/6 animals and Fpr1 KO mice were subjected to TBI and sacrificed 24 h or four weeks after injury. Twenty-four hours after injury, TBI Fpr1 KO mice showed reduced histological impairment, tissue damage and acute inflammation (MAPK activation, NF-κB signaling induction, NRLP3 inflammasome pathway activation and oxidative stress increase). Conversely, four weeks after TBI, the Fpr1 KO mice showed reduced survival of the proliferated cells in the Dentate Gyrus compared to the WT group. Behavioral analysis confirmed this trend. Moreover, TBI Fpr1 KO animals displayed reduced neural differentiation (evaluated by beta-III tubulin expression) and upregulation of astrocyte differentiation (evaluated by GFAP expression). Collectively, our study reports that, immediately after TBI, Fpr1 increased acute inflammation, while after four weeks, Fpr1 promoted neurogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Signaling in Acute Inflammation and Neural Differentiation Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury

Fusco

Gugliandolo

Siracusa

et al. 2020

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, TBI is associated with several complications both long and short term ( 14 ). In fact, some evidence shows how TBI is associated with a decline in cognitive functions ( 15 , 16 ), such as the risk of developing dementia and cerebral atrophy ( 17 ) and can increase the risk to developed Parkinson's disease (PD) ( 18 ). The damage from TBI is partly due to a direct consequence of the primary injury, and later with an indirect mechanism (secondary injury).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effect of Artesunate in Experimental Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2018

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are an important public health challenge. In addition, subsequent events at TBI can compromise the quality of life of these patients. In fact, TBI is associated with several complications for both long and short term, some evidence shows how TBI is associated with a decline in cognitive functions such as the risk of developing dementia, cerebral atrophy, and Parkinson disease. After the direct damage from TBI, a key role in TBI injury is played by the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, that contributes to tissue damage and to neurodegenerative processes, typical of secondary injury, after TBI. Given the complex series of events that are involved after TBI injury, a multitarget pharmacological approach is needed. Artesunate is a more stable derivative of its precursor artemisin, a sesquiterpene lactone obtained from a Chinese plant Artemisia annua, a plant used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. artesunate has been shown to be a pluripotent agent with different pharmacological actions. therefore, in this experimental model of TBI we evaluated whether the treatment with artesunate at the dose of 30 mg\Kg, had an efficacy in reducing the neuroinflammatory process after TBI injury, and in inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, which plays a key role in the inflammatory process. We also assessed whether treatment with artesunate was able to exert a neuroprotective action by modulating the release of neurotrophic factors. our results show that artesunate was able to reduce the TBI-induced lesion, it also showed an anti-inflammatory action through the inhibition of Nf-kb, release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and through the inhibition NLRP3 inflammasome complex, furthermore was able to reduce the activation of astrocytes and microglia (GFAP, Iba-1). Finally, our results show that the protective effects of artesunate also occur through the modulation of neurotrophic factors (BDNF, GDNF, NT-3) that play a key role in neuronal survival.

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Association of prior military service with olfactory function among older adults

Chiu,

Suleiman,

Nyenhuis

et al. 2024

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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ObjectiveOlfactory dysfunction (OD) is a condition primarily affecting older adults. Several factors have been implicated in OD, such as age, socioeconomic status, and neurodegenerative disease; however, the effect of military service still requires additional investigation. Here, we aim to determine if there is an association between prior military service and OD among older adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 2268 adults from Round 1 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. OD was defined as 0–3 odors correctly identified on the 5‐item Sniffin' Sticks test. Bivariate analysis was conducted to calculate crude odds ratios (cOR) for the association of prior military service with OD and identify covariates for regression. Associations between prior military service and OD were assessed using logistic regression, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, stroke history, dementia, diabetes, and mental health. All analyses were weighted using survey weights to account for sampling design.ResultsOD was present in 489 adults (21.6%). Among those with OD, the average age was 71.0 ± 7.9 years, whereas the average age in those without OD was 67.0 ± 7.2 years. Among adults with OD, 34.4% reported prior military service, compared to 27.7% of adults without OD (cOR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.05–1.79). However, after adjusting for covariates, prior military service was not associated with OD (aOR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.79–1.50). Older age (aOR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.05–1.09) and worse mental health (aOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.14–2.49) were associated with OD.ConclusionPrior military service was not associated with OD among older adults after controlling for covariates. More nuanced research is needed to examine correlations between OD and specific elements of military service such as duration, toxin exposure, and head trauma.Level of Evidence: Level 4.

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Association Between Long-Term Cognitive Decline in Vietnam Veterans With TBI and Caregiver Attachment Style

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Signaling in Acute Inflammation and Neural Differentiation Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury

Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Signaling in Acute Inflammation and Neural Differentiation Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury

Neuroprotective Effect of Artesunate in Experimental Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

Association of prior military service with olfactory function among older adults

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