Association between light at night, melatonin secretion, sleep deprivation, and the internal clock: Health impacts and mechanisms of circadian disruption

Touitou, Yvan; Reinberg, A; Touitou, D

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.008

Cited by 504 publications

(372 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…Variations in shift work, including overnight or rotating shifts, can cause difficulties in sleeping that may lead to a circadian rhythm sleep disorder 8 . When the internal and external rhythmic signals are not in agreement with the biological clock, the circadian system experiences a misalignment, called interruption or desynchronization, which corresponds to an alteration of the circadian parameters 9 . This interruption, defined as a disturbance of the internal temporal order and of the physiological, biochemical and behavioral circadian rhythms is called chronodisruption 10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This interruption, defined as a disturbance of the internal temporal order and of the physiological, biochemical and behavioral circadian rhythms is called chronodisruption 10 . In many workers subjected to shift work, this chronodisruption allows the development of a shift work disorder 9 . A shift work disorder is characterized by excessive sleepiness and/or sleep disturbances associated with the work schedule, although some night workers are able to adjust their circadian rhythm to night work 11,12 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This type of employment, therefore, exposes a large number of workers to unusual light-dark cycles 9 , as is the case with shift and night work 18,19 . Exposure to artificial light at night results in a disruption of the circadian system, which is deleterious to health.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The potential and multifactorial mechanisms of the effects include the suppression of melatonin secretion by artificial light at night, sleep deprivation and circadian disruption. Shift and/or night work generally decreases the time spent sleeping, and disrupts the circadian time structure 9 . Desynchronization manifests itself through atypical clinical symptoms, such as persistent fatigue, sleep disorders leading to chronic insomnia, poor appetite, and mood disorders that can cause depression, although some desynchronized individuals do not experience any of these clinical signs 12 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Desynchronization manifests itself through atypical clinical symptoms, such as persistent fatigue, sleep disorders leading to chronic insomnia, poor appetite, and mood disorders that can cause depression, although some desynchronized individuals do not experience any of these clinical signs 12 . These effects are thought to be linked to a loss of synchronization between the internal clock and the lightdark cycle 9 . Many shift workers who have a misaligned circadian rhythm due to working nights are at higher risk of developing shift work disorder.…”

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Effects of an alternating work shift on air traffic controllers and the relationship with excessive daytime sleepiness and stress

Freitas

Portuguez

Russomano

et al. 2017

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To evaluate symptoms of stress and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in air traffic control (ATC) officers in Brazil. Methods: Fifty-two ATC officers participated, based at three air traffic control units, identified as A, B and C. Stress symptoms were assessed using the Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults, and EDS by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results: The sample mean age was 37 years, 76.9% of whom were male. Excessive daytime sleepiness was identified in 25% of the ATC officers, with 84.6% of these based at air traffic control unit A, which has greater air traffic flow, operating a 24-hour alternating work shift schedule. A total of 16% of the ATC officers had stress symptoms, and of these, 62% showed a predominance of physical symptoms. Conclusion: The high percentage of ATC officers with EDS identified in group A may be related to chronodisruption due to night work and alternating shifts.

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Effects of an alternating work shift on air traffic controllers and the relationship with excessive daytime sleepiness and stress

Freitas

Portuguez

Russomano

et al. 2017

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Association of Exposure to Artificial Light at Night While Sleeping With Risk of Obesity in Women

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCE Short sleep has been associated with obesity, but to date the association between exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) while sleeping and obesity is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether ALAN exposure while sleeping is associated with the prevalence and risk of obesity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This baseline and prospective analysis included women aged 35 to 74 years enrolled in the Sister Study in all 50 US states and Puerto Rico from July 2003 through March 2009. Follow-up was completed on August 14, 2015. A total of 43 722 women with no history of cancer or cardiovascular disease who were not shift workers, daytime sleepers, or pregnant at baseline were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed from September 1, 2017, through December 31, 2018. EXPOSURES Artificial light at night while sleeping reported at enrollment, categorized as no light, small nightlight in the room, light outside the room, and light or television in the room. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalent obesity at baseline was based on measured general obesity (body mass index [BMI] Ն30.0) and central obesity (waist circumference [WC] Ն88 cm, waist-to-hip ratio [WHR] Ն0.85, or waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]Ն0.5). To evaluate incident overweight and obesity, self-reported BMI at enrollment was compared with self-reported BMI at follow-up (mean [SD] follow-up, 5.7 [1.0] years). Generalized log-linear models with robust error variance were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs for prevalent and incident obesity. RESULTS Among the population of 43 722 women (mean [SD] age, 55.4 [8.9] years), having any ALAN exposure while sleeping was positively associated with a higher prevalence of obesity at baseline, as measured using BMI (

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Impact of reduced night work on shift workers’ sleep using difference-in-difference estimation

Kim

Lee

Koo

2023

Journal of Occupational Health

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ObjectivesWe used a quasi‐experimental design to investigate the impact of a change in the shift work system by reducing overnight work on the sleep health of workers.MethodsA difference‐in‐difference (DID) analysis was used to investigate changes in sleep time and sleep quality between the experimental group (shift workers, N = 116 in 2007 and N = 118 in 2013) and the control group (regular day workers, N = 256 in 2007 and N = 185 in 2013) before and after a change in the shift system that eliminated overnight work. The sleep outcomes were measured using a questionnaire that inquired about sleep duration, mid‐sleep awakenings, and subjective sleep quality. We used a generalized estimating equation model to investigate differences in the prevalence of sleep‐related outcomes between baseline and post‐intervention.ResultsIn the DID models, the sleep time per day (+0.5 h), the prevalence of awakening during sleep (−13.9%), and self‐reported poor sleep quality (−34.9%) were improved with statistical significance during evening shifts in the experimental group, but there was no significant change during day shifts in the experimental group compared to the control group after the implementation of the new shift system without overnight shift.ConclusionsQuitting overnight work improved sleep health of shift workers.

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Association between light at night, melatonin secretion, sleep deprivation, and the internal clock: Health impacts and mechanisms of circadian disruption

Cited by 504 publications

References 181 publications

Effects of an alternating work shift on air traffic controllers and the relationship with excessive daytime sleepiness and stress

Effects of an alternating work shift on air traffic controllers and the relationship with excessive daytime sleepiness and stress

Association of Exposure to Artificial Light at Night While Sleeping With Risk of Obesity in Women

Impact of reduced night work on shift workers’ sleep using difference-in-difference estimation

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