19Correlations between pain phenotypes and psychiatric traits such as depression and 20 the personality trait of neuroticism are not fully understood. The purpose of this study 21 was to identify whether eight pain phenotypes, depressive symptoms, major 22 depressive disorders, and neuroticism are correlated for genetic reasons. Eight pain 23 phenotypes were defined by a specific pain-related question in the UK Biobank 24 questionnaire. First we generated genome-wide association summary statistics on 25 each pain phenotype, and estimated the common SNP-based heritability of each trait 26 using GCTA. We then estimated the genetic correlation of each pain phenotype with 27 depressive symptoms, major depressive disorders and neuroticism using the the 28 cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) method integrated in the 29 LD Hub. Third, we used the LDSC software to calculate genetic correlations among 30 pain phenotypes. All pain phenotypes were heritable, with pain all over the body 31showing the highest heritability (h 2 =0.31, standard error=0.072). All pain phenotypes, 32 except hip pain and knee pain, had significant and positive genetic correlations with 33 depressive symptoms, major depressive disorders and neuroticism. The largest 34 genetic correlations occurred between neuroticism and stomach or abdominal pain 35 (rg=0.70, P=2.4 x 10 -9 ). In contrast, hip pain and knee pain showed weaker evidence 36 of shared genetic architecture with these negative emotional traits. In addition, many 37 pain phenotypes had positive and significant genetic correlations with each other 38 indicating shared genetic mechanisms. Pain at a variety of body sites is heritable 39 and genetically correlated with depression and neuroticism. This suggests that pain, 40 neuroticism and depression share partially overlapping genetic risk factors. 41 experience of pain could help our understanding of its aetiology and prevention, and 56 might also offer opportunities for personalised medicine and drug targeting based on 57 identified genetic variants. Although some genetic studies have focused on pain in 58 specific body sites and have suggested possible genetic variants associated with 59 pain phenotypes, 5 the overall understanding of the genetic contributions of pain 60 remain unclear. Current limitations in our knowledge include: 1. the extent to which 61 pain as a phenotype is determined by additive genetic components mainly 62represented by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); 2. whether the genetic 63 mechanisms of pain in different body sites or in different disorders are similar or 64 different; and 3. whether the genetic connections between pain phenotypes and 65 other common co-morbidities are similar or different. Addressing these questions 66 brings further challenges when the severity and the frequency of pain are taken into 67 account. 68 4 Mental health disorders are among the commonest co-morbidities of pain. 6-7 69Depression was ranked as the third most important cause of disability worldwide, 70 a...