Association between Intrauterine Microbiome and Risk of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case-Control Study Based on Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in China

Abstract

Substantial evidence show that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is linked to both short-term and longterm health consequences. Recent studies have shown that the intrauterine environment harbors a diverse community of microbes. However, the relationship between intrauterine microbiome and IUGR has been rarely studied. In our investigation of 35 neonates with IUGR and 187 neonates without IUGR, we found that the intrauterine microbiome was largely composed of nonpathogenic commensal microbiota from the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. Carriage of genera Afipia [odds ratio (OR) 0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10-0.60], Hydrogenophaga (OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.01-0.76), and Perlucidibaca (OR 0.25; 95% CI 0.10-0.61) were significantly associated with decreased risk of IUGR, while one log10-unit increasing of relative abundance the genera Catenibacterium (OR 2.56; 95%

Visceral adipose microbial and inflammatory signatures in metabolically healthy and unhealthy nonhuman primates

“…Recent experimental evidence also suggested that within‐host evolution of microbiota may occur, leading to different immune responses [27]; thus, a common GI microbiome can diverge over time, leading to distinct and repeatable shifts in bacterial species and changes in local immune strategies. It is also plausible that Pseudomonas and other gram‐negative microbes are deposited in utero ; Pseudomonas prevalence has been identified in amniotic fluid [28, 29]. Regardless of how the microbes evolve to inhabit the visceral adipose niche, gram‐negative bacterial accumulation in this extraintestinal site drives a robust immune response through nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), inciting proinflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration and Th1 cytokine release [30].…”

“…Recent experimental evidence also suggested that withinhost evolution of microbiota may occur, leading to different immune responses [27]; thus, a common GI microbiome can diverge over time, leading to distinct and repeatable shifts in bacterial species and changes in local immune strategies. It is also plausible that Pseudomonas and other gram-negative microbes are deposited in utero; Pseudomonas prevalence has been identified in amniotic fluid [28,29].…”

Potential Association of Gut Microbial Metabolism and Circulating mRNA Based on Multiomics Sequencing Analysis in Fetal Growth Restriction

“…Neisseriaceae is a mucosal β -hemolytic bacterium known to absorb iron-binding host proteins, including hemoglobin [ 7 ]. The placental microbiome composition may potentially serve as a biomarker for fetal health during pregnancy and offer insights into its role in the development of IUGR [ 8 ]. FGR is linked to elevated levels of placental macrophages and proinflammatory markers in both the placenta and maternal serum [ 9 ].…”