Association Between Interleukin-6 Levels and Lymph Node Metastasis in Bladder Cancer Patients

Warli, Syah Mirsya; Prapiska, Fauriski Febrian; Siregar, Dewi Indah Sari; Wijaya, William Saputra

doi:10.14740/wjon1536

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Inflammatory markers are indicators of inflammation but can also be an indicator of distant metastases. Warli et al detected that higher level of Il-6 correlated with metastases in lymph nodes in bladder cancer [ 53 ]. On the other hand, Hashemzehi et al observed an association of Il-6 -174G>C polymorphism with the risk of ovarian and also cervical cancer [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Interleukin-6 with Other Markers in Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

Bizoń,

Awiżeń-Panufnik,

Sawicki

2023

JPM

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The lack of specific symptoms in ovarian cancer delays onset of the diagnostic process. Hence, most cases are recognized in late stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to confirm the role of Il-6 compared to other markers in diagnosis and survival in ovarian cancer. The database was collected from 13 January 2021 to 15 February 2023. In total, 101 patients with pelvic tumors with a mean age of 57.86 ± 16.39 participated in the study. In every case, CA125, HE4, CEA, CA19-9, Il-6, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin measurements were taken. Patients with ovarian borderline tumor and metastatic ovarian tumors were excluded from further analysis. Statistically significant correlations were found between diagnosis of ovarian cancer and levels of CA125, HE4, CRP, PCT and Il-6. Comparison of Il-6 with other markers revealed that longer overall survival correlated with lower values of Il-6. In the case of a higher concentration of Il-6, OS and PFS were shorter. Sensitivity and specificity of Il-6 in diagnosis of ovarian cancer were 46.8% and 77.8%, respectively, while for CA125, CRP and PCT were 76.6% and 63%; 68% and 57.5%; 36% and 77%, respectively. More investigations are needed to identify the most specific and sensitive marker for ovarian cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Interleukin-6 with Other Markers in Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

Bizoń,

Awiżeń-Panufnik,

Sawicki

2023

JPM

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The prognostic significance of preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and interleukin-6 level in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Wang,

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Int J Biol Markers

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Background Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the most prevalent type of bladder cancer, typically associated with a favorable prognosis and a risk of recurrence during the follow-up period. Inflammatory markers have been used to predict prognosis in various cancer types. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic value of the readily accessible inflammatory markers, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in NMIBC. Methods The study comprised a retrospective analysis of clinical data collected from NMIBC patients diagnosed between October 2018 and October 2020. PLR was calculated using the routine preoperative blood test results, and preoperative IL-6 levels were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for PLR and IL-6 level and the optimal cut-off values were determined using Youden's index. Survival curves were generated to evaluate the association between PLR and IL-6, and recurrence-free survival (RFS), and univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. A nomogram and calibration curve were generated to assess the clinical significance of the model. Results The ROC curves demonstrated that PLR and IL-6 levels were significantly associated with tumor pathology grade, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.833 (95% CI 0.757, 0.910) for PLR and 0.724 (95% CI 0.622, 0.825) for IL-6 levels. PLR and IL-6 levels were also positively associated with tumor recurrence, with AUC values of 0.647 (95% CI 0.538, 0.756) and 0.846 (95% CI 0.769, 0.924), respectively. The survival curves indicated that patients with high PLR and high IL-6 levels had shorter RFS than those with low PLR and low IL-6 level ( P < 0.01). Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that age, tumor size, tumor number, pathological grade, PLR and IL-6 were potential risk factors for NMIBC recurrence. Multivariate analysis further revealed that tumor number, smoking, PLR, and IL-6 were independent risk factors for NMIBC recurrence ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Preoperative peripheral blood inflammatory markers (PLR and IL-6) are useful predictors of RFS in NMIBC patients at the time of initial diagnosis. High PLR and high IL-6 were identified as independent risk factors for tumor recurrence and could serve as potential biological markers for prediction of NMIBC recurrence.

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Urinary microbiome dysbiosis is associated with an inflammatory environment and perturbed fatty acids metabolism in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer

Wu,

Wei,

Huang

et al. 2024

J Transl Med

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Background Bladder cancer is a common malignancy with high recurrence rate. Early diagnosis and recurrence surveillance are pivotal to patients’ outcomes, which require novel minimal-invasive diagnostic tools. The urinary microbiome is associated with bladder cancer and can be used as biomarkers, but the underlying mechanism is to be fully illustrated and diagnostic performance to be improved. Methods A total of 23 treatment-naïve bladder cancer patients and 9 non-cancerous subjects were enrolled into the Before group and Control group. After surgery, 10 patients from the Before group were further assigned into After group. Void mid-stream urine samples were collected and sent for 16S rDNA sequencing, targeted metabolomic profiling, and flow cytometry. Next, correlations were analyzed between microbiota, metabolites, and cytokines. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the urinary biomarkers were plotted and compared. Results Comparing to the Control group, levels of IL-6 (p < 0.01), IL-8 (p < 0.05), and IL-10 (p < 0.05) were remarkably elevated in the Before group. The α diversity of urine microbiome was also significantly higher, with the feature microbiota positively correlated to the level of IL-6 (r = 0.58, p < 0.01). Significant differences in metabolic composition were also observed between the Before and Control groups, with fatty acids and fatty acylcarnitines enriched in the Before group. After tumor resection, cytokine levels and the overall microbiome structure in the After group remained similar to that of the Before group, but fatty acylcarnitines were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Pathway enrichment analysis revealed beta-oxidation of fatty acids was significantly involved (p < 0.001). ROC curves showed that the biomarker panel of Actinomycetaceae + arachidonic acid + IL-6 had superior diagnostic performance, with sensitivity of 0.94 and specificity of 1.00. Conclusions Microbiome dysbiosis, proinflammatory environment and altered fatty acids metabolism are involved in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, which may throw light on novel noninvasive diagnostic tool development.

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Association Between Interleukin-6 Levels and Lymph Node Metastasis in Bladder Cancer Patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Comparison of Interleukin-6 with Other Markers in Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

Comparison of Interleukin-6 with Other Markers in Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

The prognostic significance of preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and interleukin-6 level in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Urinary microbiome dysbiosis is associated with an inflammatory environment and perturbed fatty acids metabolism in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer

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