Association between intelligence quotient and violence perpetration in the English general population

Jacob, Louis; Haro, Josep María; Koyanagi, Ai

doi:10.1017/s0033291718001939

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…If this is true, some parts of the observed association between delinquent behavior and adult outcomes are the result of initial differences in cognitive abilities and statistically controlling for cognitive abilities should reduce the observed associations. In line with this suggestion, previous research has linked low intelligence to boys’ physical fighting (Loeber, Green, Lahey, & Kalb, ) and more generally to the perpetration of violence for both genders (Jacob, Haro, & Koyanagi, ). Possible explanations of the observed association are intelligence‐related deficits in personal and social competencies, such as communication skills (Crick & Dodge, ) and self‐control (Gottfredson & Hirschi, ); these deficits, in turn, may elicit aggressive and violent behavior.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Adolescent boys’ physical fighting and adult life outcomes: Examining the interplay with intelligence

Frøyland

Soest

2019

Aggressive Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although it is well known that adolescent delinquent behavior is related to poor outcomes in adulthood, longitudinal research on specific acts of delinquency and their interplay with important individual characteristics in predicting future outcomes is scarce. We aimed to examine how physical fighting-one of the most common acts of violent delinquency among adolescent boys-is related to adult life success in several domains, and how intelligence influences these associations. The study used data from 1,083 boys that participated in the population-based longitudinal Young in Norway Study, following adolescents from 1992 to 2015, by combining self-reports at four time points with comprehensive information from registers. Results showed that adolescent boys' physical fighting was associated with poor adult outcomes in the domains of employment, education, and criminal behavior. Associations remained significant even after controlling for conduct problems in general-which isolated the effects of fighting from other delinquent acts-as well as from a variety of other potential confounders. Detailed analyses on the interplay of physical fighting and intelligence showed that some parts of the associations between adolescent boys' fighting and several adverse adult outcomes could be ascribed to lower intelligence among the fighters. Moreover, intelligence moderated the relationship between physical fighting and adult education. Adolescent fighting was not related to educational attainment among boys with high intelligence, whereas boys with lower intelligence experienced detrimental effects of adolescent fighting. The analyses show the importance of considering adolescent boys' physical fighting as a potential risk factor for future social marginalization.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Adolescent boys’ physical fighting and adult life outcomes: Examining the interplay with intelligence

Frøyland

Soest

2019

Aggressive Behavior

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The multistage-stratified probability sampling design was similar across the 1993, 2000 and 2007 surveys, with the sampling frame consisting of the small user postcode address file, and the primary sampling units of postcode sectors [41]. Sampling weights were constructed to account for non-response and the probability of being selected, so that the sample was representative of the adult household population of the United Kingdom (1993 and 2000 surveys) or England (2007 survey).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between living alone and common mental disorders in the 1993, 2000 and 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys

2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Given the high prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) and individuals living alone in the United Kingdom, the goal of this study using English nationally representative data was to examine the association between living alone and CMDs, and to identify potential mediating factors of this association. The data were drawn from the 1993, 2000 and 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys. CMDs were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R), a questionnaire focusing on past week neurotic symptoms. The presence of CMDs was defined as a CIS-R total score of 12 and above. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted to analyze the association between living alone and CMDs, and to identify mediators in this association. The prevalence of CMDs was higher in individuals living alone than in those not living alone in all survey years. Multivariable analysis showed a positive association between living alone and CMDs in all survey years (1993: odds ratio [OR] = 1.69; 2000: OR = 1.63; and 2007: OR = 1.88). Overall, loneliness explained 84% of the living alone-CMD association. Living alone was positively associated with CMDs. Interventions addressing loneliness among individuals living alone may be particularly important for the mental wellbeing of this vulnerable population.

show abstract

“…These were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS‐R) and referred to depressive episode and/or anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobia, and obsessive‐compulsive disorder) in the past week .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom

Jacob

Haro

Koyanagi

2018

Acta Psychiatr Scand

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom.Objective: The goal was to analyze the association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a UK nationally representative sample.Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from 7403 people who participated in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS). Religion was assessed with the question 'Do you have a specific religion?' with 'yes' and 'no' answer options. Lifetime and past 12month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were assessed. The association between religiosity and suicidality was studied in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychopathological factors. Results: Compared to those without a religion, the prevalence of past 12-month suicidal ideation (3.2% vs. 5.4%), past 12-month suicide attempts (0.4% vs. 0.9%), lifetime suicidal ideation (11.2% vs. 16.4%), and lifetime suicide attempts (3.6% vs. 6.0%) was lower among those with a religion. In the fully adjusted model, having a religion was significantly associated with lower odds for all types of suicidality except past 12-month suicide attempts: suicidal ideation (past 12month: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51-0.99; lifetime: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69-0.99) and suicide attempts (past 12-month: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.35-1.45; lifetime: OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.53-0.90). Conclusion: There is a negative association between religiosity and suicidality in the UK. Future studies should focus on the underlying mechanisms. Significant outcomes• The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was lower in religious people than in non-religious people in the UK.• There was a significant and negative relationship of religiosity with suicidal ideation (past 12-month and lifetime) and suicide attempts (lifetime) after adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychopathological factors.• Future studies are needed to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in this association. Limitations• More detailed series of questions on religiosity would have allowed for a better estimation of the religiosity-suicidality relationship.• Suicidality was assessed with self-reports. As suicide is associated with stigma, participants might have responded in a socially desirable manner, potentially leading to an underestimation of the associations.• The design of this study was cross-sectional, and it was thus not possible to determine causality or temporality in the association between religiosity and suicidal ideation or suicide attempt.

show abstract

Association between intelligence quotient and violence perpetration in the English general population

Abstract: Lower IQ was associated with violence perpetration in the UK general population. Further studies are warranted to assess how low IQ can lead to violence perpetration, and whether interventions are possible for this high-risk group.

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Adolescent boys’ physical fighting and adult life outcomes: Examining the interplay with intelligence

Adolescent boys’ physical fighting and adult life outcomes: Examining the interplay with intelligence

Relationship between living alone and common mental disorders in the 1993, 2000 and 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys

The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About