Association between Human Paraoxonase 1 Activity and Intima-Media Thickness in Subjects under 55 Years of Age with Carotid Artery Disease

Abstract

Background: Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) protects lipoproteins against oxidation by hydrolyzing lipid peroxides in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL); therefore, it may protect against atherosclerosis. PON1 activity and polymorphisms have been inconsistently associated with carotid artery disease. The goal of this study was to clarify the role of PON1 activity and phenotype on carotid artery disease and its correlation with some inflammatory and immune markers in subjects under 55 years with early-onset carotid atherosclerosis. Methods: Sixty patients with occlusive carotid artery disease and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by high-resolution ultrasound of both common carotid arteries. Anti-oxLDL antibody levels were determined by ELISA. Results: In the whole study population we found a negative correlation between PON1 activity and IMT (r = –0.27, p = 0.011), and between salt-stimulated PON1 activity and IMT (r = –0.24, p = 0.02). Both PON1 activity and salt-stimulated PON1 activity negatively correlated with anti-oxLDL levels (r = –0.28, p = 0.008; r = –0.26, p = 0.01). PON1 activity was lower in patients compared to controls; however, the difference was not significant.PON1 phenotype distribution of patients and controls did not differ significantly. Conclusion: The importance of PON1 activity as a predictive risk factor for early-onset occlusive carotid artery disease should be assessed in future studies.

Decreased Serum Paraoxonase 1 Activity and Increased Serum Homocysteine and Malondialdehyde Levels in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

“…Furthermore, in the present study, oxidized LDL levels were higher in AMD patients than in controls (Kamei et al 2007). PON1 has been shown to neutralize the harmful effects of lipid peroxides by diminishing covalent linkages between lipid peroxidation products and LDL protein, as well as the accumulating lipid peroxides in LDL (Harangi et al 2008). Baskol et al (2006) concluded that the increased ROS levels might cause increased lipid peroxidation, and thus, result in decreased antioxidant PON1 activity and increased MDA levels.…”

The Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Healthy Men

“…It is primarily a surrogate parameter for the inherent process of atherogenesis [6], an independent predictor of stroke recurrence [7], and it represents an index of chronic stable disease. The last feature makes IMT an ideal comparison parameter to assess the connections between a possible influencing factor like serum molecules [8,9,10] or coronary disease and beginning carotid atherosclerosis [11]. On the other hand, current IMT might not reflect the acute impact of risk factor treatment on events, and progression of IMT might better predict incident disease [12].…”

Relationship between paraoxonase-1 activity, carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients

“…10 However, these studies have yielded conflicting results about the relationship between PON1 polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk. 9 Harangi et al 11 reported a negative relationship between PON1 activity and carotid IMT, showing that total PON1 activity, salt-stimulated PON1 activity and arylesterase activity were negatively correlated with carotid IMT. However, 67% of the subjects in that study were with overt atherosclerosis (occlusive carotid artery disease).…”