Association between human adenovirus-36 and lipid disorders in Korean schoolchildren

Na, H. N.; Hong, Young Mi; Kim, Ji-Eun; Kim, H. K.; Jo, Inho; Nam, Jae-Hwan

doi:10.1038/ijo.2009.207

Cited by 82 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…12 We used a serum anti-Ad-36 neutralization test in samples from Korean schoolchildren and found that obese children were more Ad-36 antibody positive than were nonobese children, but this association disappeared when we analyzed the data using multiple regression. 13 As our data are not completely consistent with the data of adults in the USA and another study of Korean children, we reexamined whether Ad-36 is associated with obesity in the relatively homogeneous South Korean adult population.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…8 Using Korean children and adolescents, we like Atkinson et al 7,13 found a strong relationship between Ad-36 antibody positive status and obesity. However, this relationship became statistically non-significant when other lipid variables such as TC and TG were included in the analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…15 Blood pressure was measured as previously described. 13 Fasting glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) and other biomarkers were measured with a Hitachi-7600 analyzer (Hitachi Ltd, Tokyo, Japan).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Kim

Lee

et al. 2011

Int J Obes

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Background: Although human adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) has been reported to be associated with obesity in US adults and children, Korean children and the Italian population, the association has not been found in Dutch or Belgian populations or in US military subjects. Therefore, we examined whether Ad-36 infection is associated with obesity in Korean adults. Methods: A total of 540 age-and sex-matched individuals, who were normal weight, overweight or obese, were selected from participants in routine health examinations at the Ewha Womans University Medical Center. Overweight participants were defined as those with a body mass index (BMI) of 23pBMIo25 kg m À2 and obese subjects were those with BMIX25 kg m À2 , according to the International Obesity Task Force definition. Ad-36 antibody was measured using a serum neutralization assay. Results: Although more overweight participants than normal or obese subjects tested positive for the Ad-36 antibody (40%, 32.8% and 30%, respectively), the differences were not significant. The participants who tested positive for Ad-36 antibody had lower levels of triglycerides (TG) in each of the three groups, higher total cholesterol (TC) in the obese group and higher highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in both the normal and obese groups. The odds ratio (OR) for Ad-36 antibody positivity was greater in overweight than in normal subjects (OR ¼ 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-3.55) after adjusting for age, sex and waist circumference. However, this OR was non-significant in the obese group (OR ¼ 1.56; 95% CI, 0.67-3.67).

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Kim

Lee

et al. 2011

Int J Obes

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“…Animal research of Ad36 infection confirmed that the virus can induce adiposity, but paradoxically it increases insulin sensitivity. (56,57). However, when we extended this study to…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectobesity: a New Area for Microbiological and Virological Research

Nam

2011

J Bacteriol Virol

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Obesity is connected with numerous diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, and nervous system dysfunctions. Obesity is affected by genetic, environmental, and cultural factors. However, numerous studies indicate that several pathogens might cause obesity. This review discusses recent data and the characteristics of pathogens that are implicated in obesity. In particular, human adenovirus 36 (Ad36) is the most clearly implicated virus in human obesity. It was recently shown that obese groups from the USA, Korea, and Italy have a higher prevalence of serum antibodies against Ad36. The mechanisms of Ad36-induced obesity remain unclear. However, glucose uptake and inflammation are possible mechanisms of Ad36-induced obesity. Overall, this new understanding of causes of obesity has developed into the concept of 'infectobesity' and the possibility of developing a 'vaccine' or 'therapeutic agents' for obesity. million women were considered to be obese (Fig. 1A and 1B). Thus, more than one in ten of the world's adult population was obese. Close to 35 million overweight children live in developing countries and eight million in developed countries, which means that overweight children are a problem in all countries. Overweight and obesity also account for 44% of the diabetes burden, 23% of the ischemic heart disease burden, and between 7% and 41% of certain cancer burdens. Recently, the obesity rate among Koreans has increased drastically (Fig. 1C). In 1995, 11.7% of women and 18% of men were considered to be obese.However, 29.4% of women and 32.6% of men were considered obese in 2001 and the obese ratio recently increased further. There was also a noticeable increase in the ratio of obese children and adolescents (1).The costs of treating obesity and obesity-related metabolic disease account for 40% of total health expenditure in the USA and this recent trend is dramatically increasing (2).The social and economic cost of obesity therapy is more than 1 billion dollar and diabetes treatments account for 19.2% of the national medical insurance premium in Korea (3). Thus, obesity-related diseases are a severe loss to the national economy.There are many causes for obesity, such as genetics, medical problems, or psychiatric illness. Simply put, obesity is a result of an energy imbalance, where the energy intake is greater than energy expenditure (4) and excess energy accumulates in adipose tissue. Increasing rates of obesity at the societal level are attributed to easy access to a palatable diet, increased dependence on cars, and mechanized manufacturing. However, the recent increase in obesity might be

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“…Obesity is a chronic disease with multiple etiology including also such non-dietary factors as a viral and bacterial infection [17,18,20,[23][24][25]. Recently, the evidences on the adenovirus infection related obesity where confirmed in adult patients from USA [26][27][28], Italy [28], Korea [29] and in pediatric subjects from Korea [30,31], but not fully validated association was observed in studies on Belgium and Dutch obese persons [32,33]. Thus, the aim of our pilot study was to investigate the possible role of human adenovirus infection in etiology of obesity in the sample cohort of adult female subjects recruited from typical middle-sized urban area in Poland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Association of Altered Serum Lipids in Obese Adult Females with Adenoviral Infection

Jaworowska¹

2011

TOCBMJ

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Abstract:The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the possible role of adenovirus infection in etiology of obesity. Antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM) to adenovirus were determined in a total of 71 Caucasian, apparently healthy, middle aged (mean 45.9 ± 13.6 years), living in urban area, cohort of women -including overweight/obese (OW/OB, n = 50) and normal weight (NW, n = 21) group -by using serotype non-specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Triglycerides (TG), total-(TChol) and HDL-cholesterol (HDLChol) concentrations in collected serum samples were performed by standard enzymatic methods. The level of LDL cholesterol (LDLChol) was calculated using the Friedewald formula. Anthropometric measurements were taken and body mass index (BMI), percentage of fat mass (%FM) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. ) females from the OW/OB and NW group of females. Findings of our pilot study suggest that infection of some adenoviruses may predispose to altered serum lipids in some adult OW/OB females. Further studies should be made to critically evaluate this association and its possible consequences to currently accepted protocols for obesity prevention and treatment. Especially, in this group of OW/OB females, the involvement of measurements of the serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies to adenovirus or isolation/identification of specific adenovirus like particles in serum and adipose tissue using convective interaction media (CIM) monolithic column technology should be advisable.

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Association between human adenovirus-36 and lipid disorders in Korean schoolchildren

Cited by 82 publications

References 14 publications

Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Association of human adenovirus-36 in overweight Korean adults

Infectobesity: a New Area for Microbiological and Virological Research

Possible Association of Altered Serum Lipids in Obese Adult Females with Adenoviral Infection

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