Association between global visual scanning and cognitive function in schizophrenia

Huang, Wei; Chen, Chen; Chen, Xianjun; Chen, Xing; Gan, Jing; Zhu, Xiquan; Xu, Jian; Zhao, Linsheng; Zhou, Jie; Yang, Rui; Lv, Jing; Liu, Xufeng; Li, Wanqing

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102559

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Similar to the previous results, having a greater basal frontal thickness at baseline has been recognized as a predictor of CRT efficacy ( 18 ). Visual scanning is a biomarker of schizophrenia, and is associated with cognitive function ( 63 ). There were no significant associations between free-viewing variable and CRT outcomes in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movements as predictor of cognitive improvement after cognitive remediation therapy in patients with schizophrenia

Zhu,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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AimBaseline cognitive functions of patients predicted the efficacy of cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), but results are mixed. Eye movement is a more objective and advanced assessment of cognitive functions than neuropsychological testing. We aimed to investigate the applicability of eye movements in predicting cognitive improvement after patients with schizophrenia were treated with CRT.MethodsWe recruited 79 patients with schizophrenia to complete 8 weeks of CRT and assessed their cognitive improvement outcomes. Eye movements were assessed by prosaccades, antisaccades, and free-viewing tasks at baseline, and neuropsychological tests in four cognitive domains were assessed before and after treatment to calculate treatment outcomes. Predictors of demographic information, clinical characteristics, and eye movement measures at baseline on cognitive improvement outcomes were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. We further compared the predictive performance between eye movement measurements and neuropsychological test regarding the effect of CRT on cognitive improvement, and explored factors that could be affect the treatment outcomes in different cognitive domains.ResultsAs operationally defined, 33 patients showed improved in cognition (improved group) and 46 patients did not (non-improved group) after CRT. Patients with schizophrenia being employed, lower directional error rate in antisaccade task, and lower the gap effect (i.e., the difference in saccadic latency between the gap condition and overlap condition) in prosaccade task at baseline predicted cognitive improvement in CRT. However, performance in the free-viewing task not associated with cognitive improvement in patients in CRT. Our results show that eye-movement prediction model predicted the effect of CRT on cognitive improvement in patients with schizophrenia better than neuropsychological prediction model in CRT. In addition, baseline eye-movements, cognitive reserve, antipsychotic medication dose, anticholinergic cognitive burden change, and number of training sessions were associated with improvements in four cognitive domains.ConclusionEye movements as a non-invasiveness, objective, and sensitive method of evaluating cognitive function, and combined saccadic measurements in pro- and anti-saccades tasks could be more beneficial than free-viewing task in predicting the effect of CRT on cognitive improvement in patients with schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movements as predictor of cognitive improvement after cognitive remediation therapy in patients with schizophrenia

Zhu,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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show abstract

“…Second, spatial attentional dysfunction was observed in all the clusters. Several studies have reported that individuals with schizophrenia show impaired or delayed reaction times compared to those of healthy individuals during spatial scanning tasks [20,21]. Furthermore, Canu et al [22] compared visual scanning in individuals with schizophrenia, attention-defcit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorder, and healthy controls and found that a delay in reaction time could distinguish schizophrenia from other conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Neurocognition in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cluster Analysis

Kurebayashi,

Otaki

2024

Perspectives in Psychiatric Care

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Objectives. Cognitive functions in almost all domains are lower in patients with schizophrenia than those in healthy controls, with the severity of impairment differing between domains. Treatments are being developed to improve cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. However, the pattern of cognitive impairment must be clarified to facilitate treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to classify the patterns of cognitive impairment in individuals and provide treatment suggestions. Methods. Patients with schizophrenia were recruited from two psychiatric hospitals in Japan. Demographic and psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale for Schizophrenia and neurocognitive functions, using the CogHealth battery. The following domains were assessed: processing speed, visual attention, working memory, visual learning, and spatial attention. The scores were standardised and assigned as the same-aged average score. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Ward’s method was performed based on CogHealth scores. Subsequently, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s multiple comparisons were performed to compare the variables in each cluster. Results. In total, 133 participants were classified into four clusters: Cluster 1 (n = 16), with severe cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms and the longest stay; Cluster 2 (n = 44), with moderate cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms; Cluster 3 (n = 42), with preserved cognitive function, except for spatial perception, and mild psychiatric symptoms; and Cluster 4 (n = 31), with only memory and spatial perception impairment and mild psychiatric symptoms. Implications. The clusters indicate that impairment may occur in all or selective domains. Selective domain impairments may be in spatial perception or in spatial perception and memory. Therefore, it is recommended that treatments for cognitive dysfunction are developed into four subsets considering an individual’s cognitive features.

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“…Moreover, as we reported, the average saccade amplitude was negatively related to negative symptoms of SOPS, while the average fixation duration was positively correlated with general symptoms. This suggested an altered free-viewing pattern as a stable trait associated with clinical features and could serve as potential biomarkers for stress response in CHR individuals during the pandemic period ( Huang et al, 2021 ). With regard to the anti-saccade test, the current study revealed longer latency and marginally reduced accuracy in the CHR group, with the accuracy being more sensitive to the level of COVID-19 impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: Evidence from eye-tracking measures

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2022

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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Association between global visual scanning and cognitive function in schizophrenia

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Eye movements as predictor of cognitive improvement after cognitive remediation therapy in patients with schizophrenia

Eye movements as predictor of cognitive improvement after cognitive remediation therapy in patients with schizophrenia

Classification of Neurocognition in Japanese Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cluster Analysis

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: Evidence from eye-tracking measures

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