Association between Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease among a Cognitively Healthy Population-Based Cohort

Casey, Emma; Li, Zhenjiang; Liang, Donghai; Ebelt, Stefanie; Levey, Allan I.; Lah, James J.; Wingo, Thomas S.; Hüls, Anke

doi:10.1289/ehp13503

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

(62 reference statements)

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The Role of the Neural Exposome as a Novel Strategy to Identify and Mitigate Health Inequities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

Granov,

Vedad,

Wang

et al. 2024

Mol Neurobiol

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With the continuous increase of the elderly population, there is an urgency to understand and develop relevant treatments for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). In tandem with this, the prevalence of health inequities continues to rise as disadvantaged communities fail to be included in mainstream research. The neural exposome poses as a relevant mechanistic approach and tool for investigating ADRD onset, progression, and pathology as it accounts for several different factors: exogenous, endogenous, and behavioral. Consequently, through the neural exposome, health inequities can be addressed in ADRD research. In this paper, we address how the neural exposome relates to ADRD by contributing to the discourse through defining how the neural exposome can be developed as a tool in accordance with machine learning. Through this, machine learning can allow for developing a greater insight into the application of transferring and making sense of experimental mouse models exposed to health inequities and potentially relate it to humans. The overall goal moving beyond this paper is to define a multitude of potential factors that can increase the risk of ADRD onset and integrate them to create an interdisciplinary approach to the study of ADRD and subsequently translate the findings to clinical research.

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The Role of the Neural Exposome as a Novel Strategy to Identify and Mitigate Health Inequities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

Granov,

Vedad,

Wang

et al. 2024

Mol Neurobiol

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Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Cognitive Performance and Dementia Risk and the Mediating Role of Pulmonary Function: Evidence From the UK Biobank

Lin,

Wang,

Shi

et al. 2024

The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences

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BACKGROUND The pathways by which air pollution affects cognition remain to be explored. This study aimed to explore how single air pollutants [including nitrogen oxide (NOX), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5), PM10, and PM2.5-10], and air pollution mixture could affect cognitive function and the incidence of dementia, and determine whether pulmonary function (PF) could play a mediating role in the relationship. METHODS Multiple statistical methods were employed to evaluate association of five air pollutants (NOX, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10) with cognitive function. Bootstrap method was used to estimate mediating role of PF in the association of air pollutants with cognition or the incidence of dementia. RESULTS A mixture of air pollutants was associated with performance on five cognitive tests, and global cognition (P < 0.05). Significantly negative association was also identified between mixture of air pollutants and PF (β= -0.020, 95% confidence interval (CI)= -0.029 to -0.011). In addition, as PF scores increase, performance on all cognitive tests significantly improve, while the risk of dementia correspondingly decreases. It was noted that PF was shown to mediate the effects of air pollution mixtures on all cognitive tests as well as global cognition. For global cognition, PF mediated 6.08% of the association. PF was also found to have a mediating role in the association between NOX, NO2, PM2.5, and the risk of dementia. CONCLUSION Mixed air pollution may impact cognitive function, with PF potentially mediating this relationship.

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Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change mediates the relationship between ambient air pollution and dementia severity

Kim,

Blam,

Elser

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) increases risk for dementia. However, it is unknown whether this relationship is mediated by dementia-related neuropathologic change found at autopsy. We aimed to examine relationships between PM2.5 exposure, dementia severity, and dementia-associated neuropathologic change. Methods: This cross-sectional study used harmonized demographic, clinical, genetic, and neuropathological data from autopsy cases collected from 1998 to 2022 at the Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research brain bank, University of Pennsylvania. Cases who had common neuropathologic forms of dementia and complete data on neuropathologic measures, APOE genotype, and residential address were included in this study cohort. Dementia severity was measured by Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) scores. Ten dementia-associated neuropathologic measures representing Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, limbic-predominant age related TDP-encephalopathy, and cerebrovascular disease were graded or staged according to the consensus criteria. One-year average PM2.5 exposure prior to death was estimated using a spatiotemporal prediction model based on residential addresses as the primary exposure measure. Linear, logistic and structural equation models were used to examine the relationships between PM2.5, CDR-SB and neuropathologic measures. Results: A total of 861 autopsy cases were included (mean age at death 76.6 years [SD 10.3]; 481 [56%] male). Each 1µg/m3 increase in one-year average PM2.5 concentration prior to death was associated with significantly greater cognitive and functional impairment (increase in CDR-SB score of 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-1.05), faster cognitive and functional decline (change in CDR-SB scores of 0.13; 95% CI, 0.09-0.16), more severe Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC; odds ratio [OR] of 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.13), and a higher prevalence of large infarcts (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.05-1.30). The relationship between PM2.5 exposure and CDR-SB was mediated by ADNC (change in CDR-SB score due to ADNC level of 0.36; 95% CI, 0.13-0.65). Conclusions: PM2.5 exposure may increase dementia risk by increasing ADNC. Measures that improve air quality may represent a population-level intervention for the prevention of dementia.

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Association between Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease among a Cognitively Healthy Population-Based Cohort

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

The Role of the Neural Exposome as a Novel Strategy to Identify and Mitigate Health Inequities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

The Role of the Neural Exposome as a Novel Strategy to Identify and Mitigate Health Inequities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Cognitive Performance and Dementia Risk and the Mediating Role of Pulmonary Function: Evidence From the UK Biobank

Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change mediates the relationship between ambient air pollution and dementia severity

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