Association between face covering policies and the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 in European countries

Park, Eonjoo; Oh, Jiyoung; Tak, Sangwoo

doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0287

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These studies encompass research samples from over 88% of countries and regions worldwide, with each study focusing on a different geographical scope. Table 1 provides a breakdown of the studies: eight evaluated the effectiveness of NPIs in containing the COVID-19 pandemic on a global scale [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], three focused on Europe [28][29][30], two on the United States [31,32], one on Asia [10], and one each on India [33], France [11] and Korea [34]. In terms of quality assessment, the seventeen studies received a moderately high score, averaging 13…”

Section: Summary Of Literature Screening and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Facial coverings are a form of personal protective equipment used to shield the face from various external hazards like splashes, droplets, and aerosols. Among the summarized evidence, only one study (Sookhyun Kim et al) [29] found that the incidence of COVID-19 was significantly higher after the relaxation of face covering mandates. Other studies found no association between the implementation of facial covering policies and a reduction in COVID-19 cases [10,20,23,31,32].…”

Section: Summary Of the Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Real-world effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines: A systematic review

He,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundNon-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been widely used to control the transmission of infectious diseases. However, the current research evidence on the policy mechanisms of NPIs is still limited. This study aims to systematically identify, describe, and evaluate the existing literature for the real-world effectiveness of NPIs in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines, in order to search for optimal strategies for implementing NPIs.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of relevant studies from January 1, 2021, to June 4, 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Web of science and MedRxiv. Two authors independently assessed eligibility and extracted data. Risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the study design, statistical methodology, and quality of reporting. Data were collected, synthesised and analyzed through quantitative and qualitative approaches. The findings were presented using summary tables and figures, including information on the target countries and regions of the study, types of NPIs, and evidence quality.ResultsThe review included a total of seventeen studies that examined the real-world effectiveness of NPIs in containing the COVID-19 pandemic after the vaccine roll-out. These studies used five composite indicator that combined multiple NPIs and fourteen individual NPIs. The studies had an average quality assessment score of 13 (range: 10-16), indicating moderately high quality. Among the included studies, nine assessed the effectiveness of the composite indicator, with four of them also evaluating individual NPIs. Additionally, twelve studies investigated the effectiveness of individual NPIs. The most frequently evaluated individual NPIs were testing policy, restrictions on gathering, facial covering, and school closure. Workplace closures and stay-at-home requirements were also assessed. The effectiveness of NPIs varied depending on time frames, countries and regions.ConclusionIn summary, the research evidence suggests that NPIs remain effective in curbing the spread of COVID-19 even after the roll-out of vaccines. Studies based on different contexts had different viewpoints or conclusions regarding the effectiveness of NPIs in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to understand the policy mechanisms and address potential future challenges.

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Section: Summary Of Literature Screening and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary Of the Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-world effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines: A systematic review

He,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Non-pharmaceutical interventions in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines: a systematic review

He,

Chen,

Zhu

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been widely utilised to control the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is unclear what the optimal strategies are for implementing NPIs in the context of coronavirus vaccines. This study aims to systematically identify, describe, and evaluate existing ecological studies on the real-world impact of NPIs in containing COVID-19 pandemic following the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of relevant studies from January 1, 2021, to June 4, 2023 in PubMed, Embase, Web of science and MedRxiv. Two authors independently assessed the eligibility of the studies and extracted the data. A risk of bias assessment tool, derived from a bibliometric review of ecological studies, was applied to evaluate the study design, statistical methodology, and the quality of reporting. Data were collected, synthesised and analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods. The results were presented using summary tables and figures, including information on the target countries and regions of the studies, types of NPIs, and the quality of evidence. Results The review included a total of 17 studies that examined the real-world impact of NPIs in containing the COVID-19 pandemic after the vaccine roll-out. These studies used five composite indicators that combined multiple NPIs, and examined 14 individual NPIs. The studies had an average quality assessment score of 13 (range: 10–16), indicating moderately high quality. NPIs had a larger impact than vaccination in mitigating the spread of COVID-19 during the early stage of the vaccination implementation and in the context of the Omicron variant. Testing policies, workplace closures, and restrictions on gatherings were the most effective NPIs in containing the COVID-19 pandemic, following the roll-out of vaccines. The impact of NPIs varied across different time frames, countries and regions. Conclusion NPIs had a larger contribution to the control of the pandemic as compared to vaccination during the early stage of vaccine implementation and in the context of the omicron variant. The impact of NPIs in containing the COVID-19 pandemic exhibited variability in diverse contexts. Policy- and decision-makers need to focus on the impact of different NPIs in diverse contexts. Further research is needed to understand the policy mechanisms and address potential future challenges.

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Association between face covering policies and the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 in European countries

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Real-world effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines: A systematic review

Real-world effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines: A systematic review

Non-pharmaceutical interventions in containing COVID-19 pandemic after the roll-out of coronavirus vaccines: a systematic review

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