Association between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and brain cortical thinning: The Environmental Pollution-Induced Neurological EFfects (EPINEF) study

Cho, Jaelim; Sohn, Jungwoo; Noh, Juhwan; Jang, Heeseon; Kim, Woojin; Cho, Seong Kyung; Seo, Hwasun; Seo, Gayoung; Lee, Seung Koo; Noh, Young; Seo, Seongho; Koh, Sang Baek; Oh, Sung Soo; Kim, Hee Jin; Seo, Sang Won; Shin, Dae Seock; Kim, Nakyoung; Kim, Ho; Lee, Jung Il; Kim, Sun Young

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140097

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition to noncausal sources of variation among the studies, the discrepancy may be attributable to differences in proportions of PM constituents across geographical regions. PM is a mixture of a range of pollutants (e.g., sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, heavy metals, hydrocarbons) and these constituents might be individually linked to brain structures given that our recent study demonstrated the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and brain cortical thinning in adults (Cho et al 2020). Future studies are warranted to explore the associations between PM constituents and brain MRI markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Brain Imaging Markers in Korean Adults: The Environmental Pollution-Induced Neurological EFfects (EPINEF) Study

Cho

Noh

Kim

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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BACKGROUND: Only a limited number of neuroimaging studies have explored the effects of ambient air pollution in adults. The prior studies have investigated only cortical volume, and they have reported mixed findings, particularly for gray matter. Furthermore, the association between nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) and neuroimaging markers has been little studied in adults. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between long-term exposure to air pollutants (NO 2 , particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters of ≤10 lm (PM10) and ≤2:5 lm (PM2.5), and neuroimaging markers. METHODS: The study included 427 men and 530 women dwelling in four cities in the Republic of Korea. Long-term concentrations of PM10, NO 2 , and PM2.5 at residential addresses were estimated. Neuroimaging markers (cortical thickness and subcortical volume) were obtained from brain magnetic resonance images. A generalized linear model was used, adjusting for potential confounders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Brain Imaging Markers in Korean Adults: The Environmental Pollution-Induced Neurological EFfects (EPINEF) Study

Cho

Noh

Kim

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Both Niu et al (2009) and Du et al (2020) reported no association with mood state, attention/response speed, manual dexterity or perceptual motor speed. Additional individual accounts of no effect in approximate number system functioning (Niu et al 2009), confrontational word retrieval, verbal fluency, delayed reaction time between congruent and incongruent stimuli, visual attention and task switching (Cho et al 2020) were also reported.…”

Section: Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One account of impaired cognitive disturbances (Ha et al 2012), was contradicted by 2 reports of no association with cognitive dysfunction (Cho et al 2020;Best et al 2016).…”

Section: Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 including participants from the Krakow Study (Jedrychowski et al 2015;Edwards et al 2010;Perera et al 2013) and 1, the Polish Mother and Child Cohort Study (Polanska et al 2013). 2 studies involved a Korean population (Cho et al 2020;Ha et al 2012). Further individual studies included populations from the Czech Republic (Blazkova et al 2020), Kenya (Suter et al 2017) and Belgium (Saenen et al 2016).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Association between adult PAH exposure and general cognition Adults highly exposed to PAH exhibited impaired auditory memory in 2 studies (Du et al 2020;Niu et al 2009), and individual accounts of memory disturbances (Ha et al 2012) and impaired verbal learning and memory (Cho et al 2020). However, there was no effect on working memory and executive function, visuospatial memory/attention & planning (Cho et al 2020) nor a further 2 concurring accounts of no effect on visual perception memory (Du et al 2020;Niu et al 2009).…”

Section: Adultmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure on Cognitive Function and Neurodegeneration in Humans. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Humphreys¹,

Valdés-Hernández²

2021

Preprint

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This review documents an emerging body of evidence concerning the neurological effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure, with regard to cognitive function and increased risk of neurodegeneration. Two electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were systematically searched. The 37/428 studies selected included outcomes measuring cognitive function, neurobehavioral symptoms of impaired cognition, and pathologies associated with neurodegeneration from prenatal (21/37 studies), childhood (14/37 studies), and adult (8/37 studies) PAH exposure. Sufficient evidence surrounding prenatal exposure negatively impacting child intelligence, mental development, average overall development, verbal IQ, memory impairment, externalizing, internalizing, anxious, depressed behaviours, behavioural development and child attentiveness was found. Evidence concerning exposure during childhood and as an adult was scarce and highly heterogeneous, however presence of neurodegenerative biomarkers and increased concentrations of cryptic “self” antigens in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples suggest a higher risk of neurodegenerative disease. Associations with lowered cognitive ability, and impaired attentiveness were found in children and memory disturbances, specifically auditory memory, verbal learning and general memory in adults. Although evidence is not yet conclusive and further research is needed the studies included supported the hypothesis that PAH exposure negatively impacts cognitive function and increases the risk of neurodegeneration in humans, and recommends considering the introduction of a variable “rural vs. urban” as covariate for adjusting analyses where the neurological functions affected (as result of our review) are outcome variables.

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Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions in World Trade Center responders with cognitive impairment

Deri

Clouston

DeLorenzo

et al. 2021

Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo

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Introduction The objective of this study was to investigate associations between dementia in World Trade Center (WTC) responders and in vivo volumetric measures of hippocampal subfield volumes in WTC responders at midlife. Methods A sample of 99 WTC responders was divided into dementia and unimpaired groups. Participants underwent structural T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Volumetric measures included the overall hippocampus and eight subfields. Regression models examined volumetric measure of interest adjusting for confounders including intracranial volume. Results Dementia was associated with smaller hippocampal volume and with reductions across hippocampal subfields. Smaller hippocampal subfield volumes were associated with longer cumulative time worked at the WTC. Domain‐specific cognitive performance was associated with lower volumetric measures across hippocampal subregions. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate hippocampal subfield volumes in a sample of WTC responders at midlife. Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions suggested abnormal cognition that were associated with WTC exposure duration.

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Association between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and brain cortical thinning: The Environmental Pollution-Induced Neurological EFfects (EPINEF) study

Cited by 51 publications

References 27 publications

Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Brain Imaging Markers in Korean Adults: The Environmental Pollution-Induced Neurological EFfects (EPINEF) Study

Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Brain Imaging Markers in Korean Adults: The Environmental Pollution-Induced Neurological EFfects (EPINEF) Study

Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure on Cognitive Function and Neurodegeneration in Humans. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions in World Trade Center responders with cognitive impairment

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