Association between epilepsy and oral maxillofacial trauma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

A systematic literature search was conducted (through April 2017), using Web of Science, PubMed and Virtual Health Library, manual reference list, and grey literature searches. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The meta‐analysis was performed using R software. A total of 30 studies was included in this review. From a total of 25 studies included in the meta‐analysis, the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial injuries among epileptic subjects was 19%. Among the epileptic patients who suffered some type of injury due to epileptic seizures, 52% had facial soft tissue injuries (95%CI: 28‐75%), 18% suffered dental trauma (95%CI: 11‐29%), and 12% (95%CI: 4‐28%) suffered maxillofacial fractures. Epileptic patients were more likely to have oral and maxillofacial injuries than healthy individuals (OR: 5.22, 95%CI: 2.84‐9.36) and subjects with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.28‐5.99), but not than patients with special needs (OR: 2.45,95%CI: 0.95‐6.31).

Evidence mapping and quality assessment of systematic reviews in dental traumatology

“…Out of the included SRs, the oldest one was published in 1999 12 and two were published between 2000 and 2010 16,17 . Forty‐four SRs had been published in last six years (2015‐2020) 18‐78 . Twenty‐eight of the SRs had been published in Dental Traumatology, 16,17,20‐27,29,30,36,39‐41,44,45,59,60,67,69,71,74,75,77,78 and five were from the Cochrane database 38,46,50,53,70 .…”

“…Within the domain of Epidemiology, eight SRs were in the sub‐domain of factors affecting etiopathogenesis, 24‐31 four from prevalence/incidence, 18‐21 and three from etiopathogenesis 12,22,23 . The protocols of ten SRs had been registered in PROSPERO 19,21‐23,25,27‐31 with the number of reviewers ranging from 2 to 9.…”

“…Meta‐analysis was performed in 14 SRs 12,18‐23,25‐31 with the number of primary studies included ranging from 5 to 152. ROB was assessed by the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) in seven SRs 19,20,22,24‐26,28 and a self‐designed checklist in two of them 12,18 (Table 3, Figure 4). Eleven of the SRs had low ROB, 19‐23,25,27‐31 and reporting error was also found to be low in all but one SR 12 as shown in Figures 4 and 5.…”

“…Among the selected SRs in the domain of epidemiology, the majority had been performed in the sub‐domains of etiopathogenesis and factors affecting etiopathogenesis 12,22‐31 with low ROB and reporting errors. They were related to the association of TDI with overjet 12,22,23 and factors such as obesity, 26 activity and nutritional status, 24 socioeconomic indicators, 25 previous TDI, 29 alcohol abuse, 31 dental caries, 27 and special healthcare needs 28,30 . This might have been related to the availability of a large number of primary observational studies in these sub‐domains of Epidemiology.…”

Examining and Treating Patients With Epilepsy Atthe Dentist’s Office (Literature Review)

“…One of the factors suggesting a child has epileptic seizures is a full examination at the dentist's office, since over 90% of injuries during seizures were those affecting the maxillofacial area. At the time of the seizure, almost none of the children received antiepileptic therapy and trauma occurred at the first seizure [16]. According to Lagunju I.…”