Association between dietary quality and executive functions in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder

Wang, Xin; Song, Xiaojie; Jin, Yang; Zhan, Xiaoling; Cao, Muqing; Guo, Xiaohong; Liu, Siyu; Ou, Xiaoxuan; Gu, Tingfeng; Jing, Jin; Cai, Li; Li, Xiuhong

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.940246

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 84 publications

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“…Other research support these findings. Children with ASD were found to have a higher percentage of insufficient and unbalanced intake of healthy foods compared to typically developing children, with significantly less intake of fruit and less variety, and this was associated with lower working memory [55]. In children with ASD, a healthy diet consisting of higher consumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes, nuts and seeds and lower sugar was associated with a more beneficial gut microbiome and better GI symptom scores, while a diet with a lower intake of healthy foods was associated with a less beneficial microbiome and worse GI symptoms [56].…”

Section: Therapeutic Diets 421 Healthy Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ratings of the Effectiveness of 13 Therapeutic Diets for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of a National Survey

Matthews,

Adams

2023

JPM

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This study presents the results of the effectiveness of 13 therapeutic diets for autism spectrum disorder from 818 participants of a national survey, including benefits, adverse effects, and symptom improvements. The average Overall Benefit of diets was 2.36 (0 = no benefit, 4 = great benefit), which was substantially higher than for nutraceuticals (1.59/4.0) and psychiatric/seizure medications (1.39/4.0), p < 0.001. The average Overall Adverse Effects of diets was significantly lower than psychiatric/seizure medications (0.10 vs. 0.93, p < 0.001) and similar to nutraceuticals (0.16). Autism severity decreased slightly over time in participants who used diet vs. increasing slightly in those that did not (p < 0.001). Healthy and Feingold diets were the two top-rated diets by Overall Benefit; the ketogenic diet was the highest for nine symptoms (though had fewer respondents); and the gluten-free/casein-free diet was among the top for overall symptom improvements. Different diets were reported to affect different symptoms, suggesting that an individual’s symptoms could be used to guide which diet(s) may be the most effective. The results suggest that therapeutic diets can be safe and effective interventions for improving some ASD-related symptoms with few adverse effects. We recommend therapeutic diets that include healthy foods and exclude problematic foods. Therapeutic diets are inexpensive treatments that we recommend for consideration by most people with ASD.

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Section: Therapeutic Diets 421 Healthy Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ratings of the Effectiveness of 13 Therapeutic Diets for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of a National Survey

Matthews,

Adams

2023

JPM

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Associations between genetically determined dietary factors and risk of autism spectrum disorder: a Mendelian randomization study

Li,

Liu,

Chen

2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundExisting studies confirm the importance of dietary factors in developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and disease progression. Still, these studies are primarily observational, and their causal relationship is unknown. Moreover, due to the extensive diversity of food types, the existing research remains somewhat limited in comprehensiveness. The inconsistency of the results of some studies is very disruptive to the clinic. This study infers a causal relationship between dietary factors on the risk of developing ASD from a genetic perspective, which may lead to significant low-cost benefits for children with ASD once the specificity of dietary factors interfering with ASD is confirmed.MethodsWe performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by selecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 18 common dietary factors from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database as instrumental variables (IVs) and obtaining pooled data for ASD (Sample size = 46,351) from the iPSYCH-PGC institution. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary analytical method to estimate causality, Cochran's Q test to assess heterogeneity, the Egger-intercept test to test for pleiotropy and sensitivity analysis to verify the reliability of causal association results.ResultsThe MR analysis identified four dietary factors with potential causal relationships: poultry intake (fixed-effects IVW: OR = 0.245, 95% CI: 0.084–0.718, P < 0.05), beef intake (fixed-effects IVW: OR = 0.380, 95% CI: 0.165–0.874, P < 0.05), cheese intake (random-effects IVW: OR = 1.526, 95% CI: 1.003–2.321, P < 0.05), and dried fruit intake (fixed-effects IVW: OR = 2.167, 95% CI: 1.342–3.501, P < 0.05). There was no causal relationship between the remaining 14 dietary factors and ASD (P > 0.05).ConclusionThis study revealed potential causal relationships between poultry intake, beef intake, cheese intake, dried fruit intake, and ASD. Poultry and beef intake were associated with a reduced risk of ASD, while cheese and dried fruit intake were associated with an increased risk. Other dietary factors included in this study were not associated with ASD.

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Association between dietary quality and executive functions in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 2 publications

References 84 publications

Ratings of the Effectiveness of 13 Therapeutic Diets for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of a National Survey

Ratings of the Effectiveness of 13 Therapeutic Diets for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results of a National Survey

Associations between genetically determined dietary factors and risk of autism spectrum disorder: a Mendelian randomization study

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