Association between dietary patterns and mental disorders in pregnant women in Southern Brazil

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the association between dietary patterns and mental disorders among pregnant women in southern Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 712 pregnant women recruited from the Study of Food Intake and Eating Behaviors in Pregnancy (ECCAGe). Food intake assessment was performed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by cluster analysis. The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) was used to evaluate participants' mental health. Poisson regression models with robust variance were fitted to estimate prevalence ratios (PR). Results: In the adjusted models, there was a high prevalence of major depressive disorder among women with low fruit intake (43%, PR 1.43, 95%CI 1.04-1.95) and high sweets and sugars intake (91%, PR 1.91, 95%CI 1.19-3.07). Women with a common-Brazilian dietary pattern had higher prevalence of major depressive disorder compared to those with a varied consumption pattern (PR 1.43, 95%CI 1.01-2.02). Low intake of beans was significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder (PR 1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.93). Conclusions: Low consumption of fruits and beans and intake of the common-Brazilian dietary pattern during pregnancy were associated with higher prevalence of mental disorders. These results reinforce the importance of an adequate dietary intake to ensure better mental health in pregnancy.

Poor-quality prenatal dietary patterns are related to the mental health of mothers and children – could dietary improvement break the cycle?

“…To inform these decisions, we look to studies such as Paskulin et al, where in 712 southern Brazilian women, low intakes of healthy foods and high intakes of refined sugars during pregnancy were related to an increased prevalence of maternal mental disorder. 4 Importantly, major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety were examined as separate outcomes; this is useful because major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety are highly comorbid, and previous studies examining the association between maternal diet and generalized anxiety showed inconsistent results. 1 In this context, Paskulin et al reported that dietary patterns were related to the prevalence of major depressive disorder in pregnant women, but were not related to generalized anxiety.…”

“…1 In this context, Paskulin et al reported that dietary patterns were related to the prevalence of major depressive disorder in pregnant women, but were not related to generalized anxiety. 4 Women consuming a standard Brazilian diet (such as rice or noodles, French rolls, coffee with sugar, margarine, and artificial juices) had a higher probability of major depressive disorder than those consuming a varied diet. When food groups were analysed in comparison to the recommended intakes, major depressive disorder prevalence was higher for women with a low intake of fruit and a high intake of sugars, while generalized anxiety disorder prevalence was higher for women with a low intake of beans.…”

Associação entre sintomas depressivos e aspectos nutricionais em idosos residentes do município de São Paulo: um estudo de base populacional

“…Leite e derivados também podem possuir papel de importância na morbidade depressiva, pois são considerados fontes alimentares de Trp. Este aminoácido que juntamente com a vitamina B3 (niacina) e o magnésio, são essenciais para a produção de serotonina (Young, 2007 (Quirk et al, 2013;Paskulin et al, 2017). A avaliação dietética, tende a sofrer interferências multifatoriais, o que dificulta atribuir a prevalência da doença ou sintomatologia a um único nutriente (Paskulin et al, 2017).…”

“…Este aminoácido que juntamente com a vitamina B3 (niacina) e o magnésio, são essenciais para a produção de serotonina (Young, 2007 (Quirk et al, 2013;Paskulin et al, 2017). A avaliação dietética, tende a sofrer interferências multifatoriais, o que dificulta atribuir a prevalência da doença ou sintomatologia a um único nutriente (Paskulin et al, 2017). Além disso, a ingestão de nutrientes está associada a determinados padrões alimentares, que podem atuar como fatores de confusão em associações entre nutrientes e doenças.…”

“…Além disso, a ingestão de nutrientes está associada a determinados padrões alimentares, que podem atuar como fatores de confusão em associações entre nutrientes e doenças. Diante desse contexto, o hábito alimentar tem sido cada vez mais investigados como preditores de evolução das doenças (Quirk et al, 2013;Paskulin et al, 2017).…”