Association between dietary flavonoids intake and prostate cancer risk: A case-control study in Sicily

Reale, Giulio; Russo, Giorgio Ivan; Mauro, Marina Di; Regis, F.; Campisi, Daniele; Giudice, Arturo Lo; Marranzano, Marina; Ragusa, Rosalia; Castelli, Tommaso; Cimino, Silvia; Morgia, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2018.05.002

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous reports and/or studies have mentioned the presence of this group of phytochemical compounds in P. africana extracts [5,51]. Also known to have antioxidant activities, phenol, especially flavonoids play a key role in management of prostate conditions [50,[52][53][54]. The flavonoid and total phenol contents were significantly higher in CT compared to other mycorrhizal treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

TCHIECHOUA¹,

Kinyua

Ngumi

et al. 2019

Plants

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Prunus africana bark contains phytochemical compounds used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. It has been shown that this plant establishes association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). AMF are involved in nutrient uptake, which may also affect plant growth and secondary metabolites composition. However, there is no information regarding the role of AMF in the growth and phytochemical content of P. africana. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the response of 8 months old vegetatively propagated P. africana seedlings inoculated with indigenous AMF collected from Mount Cameroon (MC) and Mount Manengumba (MM) in Cameroon, Malava near Kakamega (MK) and Chuka Tharaka-Nithi (CT) in Kenya. Mycorrhizal (frequency, abundance and intensity), growth (height, shoot weight, total weight, number of leaf, leaf surface) and phytochemical (total phenol, tannin and flavonoids) parameters were measured three months after growth of seedlings from two provenances (Muguga and Chuka) with the following inoculation treatments: MK, CT, MC, MM, non-sterilized soil (NS) and sterilized sand as non-inoculated control. Results showed that seedling heights were significantly increased by inoculation and associated with high root colonization (>80%) compared to non-inoculated seedlings. We also found that AMF promoted leaf formation, whereas inoculation did not have any effect on the seedling total weight. AMF inoculum from MM had a higher tannin content, while no significant difference was observed on the total phenol and flavonoid contents due to AMF inoculation. Pearson’s correlation was positive between mycorrhizal parameters and the growth parameters, and negative with phytochemical parameters. This study is the first report on the effect of AMF on the growth and phytochemical in P. africana. Further investigations are necessary to determine the effect of single AMF strains to provide better understanding of the role of AMF on the growth performance and physiology of this important medicinal plant species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

TCHIECHOUA¹,

Kinyua

Ngumi

et al. 2019

Plants

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“…Gastric cancer is the second main cause of cancer deaths and the fourth most common cancer worldwide (Table 11) [68]. In a case-control study performed in Korea, a significant association was found between total flavonoid intake and gastric cancer risk reduction in women (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.15–0.73) but not in men [101]. Furthermore, the EPIC study investigated the association between gastric adenocarcinoma risk and flavonoid intake [68].…”

Section: Antioxidant Activity Of Dietary Flavonoids and Cancer Incmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Flavonoids as Cancer Chemopreventive Agents: An Updated Review of Human Studies

2019

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Over the past few years, interest in health research has increased, making improved health a global goal for 2030. The purpose of such research is to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing across individuals of all ages. It has been shown that nutrition plays a key role in the prevention of some chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. One of the aspects that characterises a healthy diet is a high intake of vegetables and fruits, as both are flavonoid-rich foods. Flavonoids are one of the main subclasses of dietary polyphenols and possess strong antioxidant activity and anti-carcinogenic properties. Moreover, some population-based studies have described a relationship between cancer risk and dietary flavonoid intake. In this context, the goal of this review was to provide an updated evaluation of the association between the risk of different types of cancers and dietary flavonoid intake. We analysed all relevant epidemiological studies from January 2008 to March 2019 using the PUBMED and Web of Science databases. In summary, this review concludes that dietary flavonoid intake is associated with a reduced risk of different types of cancer, such as gastric, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers.

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“…Regarding more specifically PCa, in vivo pre-clinical studies have evidenced the chemopreventive effect of natural compounds in PCa xenograft mouse models and in transgenic mouse models. Although the association between polyphenols intake and tumorigenesis of PCa needs to be confirmed by large-scale epidemiological data [32], since results are sometimes inconsistent and conflicting, there is a general agreement that consumption of flavonoids in the diet significantly reduces PCa risk [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Delphinidin Cyanidin Peonidinnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators for Prostate Cancer Prevention

2020

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is a multifactorial disease with an unclear etiology. Due to its high prevalence, long latency, and slow progression, PCa is an ideal target for chemoprevention strategies. Many research studies have highlighted the positive effects of natural flavonoids on chronic diseases, including PCa. Different classes of dietary flavonoids exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, anti-aging, cardioprotective, anti-viral/bacterial and anti-carcinogenic properties. We overviewed the most recent evidence of the antitumoral effects exerted by dietary flavonoids, with a special focus on their epigenetic action in PCa. Epigenetic alterations have been identified as key initiating events in several kinds of cancer. Many dietary flavonoids have been found to reverse DNA aberrations that promote neoplastic transformation, particularly for PCa. The epigenetic targets of the actions of flavonoids include oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, indirectly controlled through the regulation of epigenetic enzymes such as DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), histone acetyltransferase (HAT), and histone deacetylase (HDAC). In addition, flavonoids were found capable of restoring miRNA and lncRNA expression that is altered during diseases. The optimization of the use of flavonoids as natural epigenetic modulators for chemoprevention and as a possible treatment of PCa and other kinds of cancers could represent a promising and valid strategy to inhibit carcinogenesis and fight cancer.

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Association between dietary flavonoids intake and prostate cancer risk: A case-control study in Sicily

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

Effect of Indigenous and Introduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Phytochemical Content of Vegetatively Propagated Prunus africana (Hook. f.) Kalkman Provenances

Dietary Flavonoids as Cancer Chemopreventive Agents: An Updated Review of Human Studies

Flavonoids as Epigenetic Modulators for Prostate Cancer Prevention

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