Association between dietary fibre intake with cancer and all‐cause mortality among 15 740 adults: the <scp>N</scp>ational <scp>H</scp>ealth and <scp>N</scp>utrition <scp>E</scp>xamination <scp>S</scp>urvey <scp>III</scp>

Chan, Chi-Wai; Lee, Paul H.

doi:10.1111/jhn.12389

Cited by 13 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The broader literature-based evidence related specifically to insoluble fiber and colorectal cancer remains inconsistent and is limited for supplemental insoluble prebiotics. Previous evaluation in the Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III showed a protective effect for colorectal cancer mortality comparing high dietary insoluble fiber intake to low intake (45), which is contrary to our findings regarding supplemental insoluble fiber prebiotics. One large wheat bran fiber (an insoluble fiber) supplement trial in older (> 50 years) adults with a previous history of colonic polyps did not show any protective effect from insoluble fiber against recurrent colorectal adenomas (46).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Association between Prebiotic Fiber Supplement Use and Colorectal Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative

Skiba

Kohler

Crane

et al. 2019

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Fiber-based prebiotic supplements are marketed for maintaining bowel health and promoting beneficial gut bacteria. However, the association between prebiotic supplement use and colorectal cancer risk and mortality is unknown.Methods: The association between prebiotic use and colorectal cancer risk and mortality was evaluated in postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative study. Selfreported prebiotic use was documented at study enrollment. Adjudicated colorectal cancer cases and mortality were captured using medical and death records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the HR related to prebiotic use and colorectal cancer risk and mortality.Results: In total, 3,032 colorectal cancer cases were diagnosed during an average 15.4 years of follow-up. Overall, 3.7% of women used a prebiotic with psyllium, the major fiber type. Use of any prebiotic supplement was not associated with colorectal cancer risk or mortality. The type of prebiotic supplement (none vs. insoluble or soluble) was not associated with colorectal cancer risk; however, use of insoluble fiber prebiotics compared with none was associated with higher colorectal cancer mortality [HR, 2.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32-5.90; P ¼ 0.007]. Likelihood ratio tests indicated no significant interactions between prebiotic use and other colorectal cancer risk factors, including metabolic syndrome.Conclusions: Prebiotic fiber supplement use was not associated with colorectal cancer risk. Insoluble, but not soluble, prebiotic fiber use was associated with higher colorectal cancer mortality. These findings do not support the promotion of prebiotic fiber supplements to reduce colorectal cancer risk or colorectal cancer mortality.Impact: Further investigation is warranted for findings regarding insoluble prebiotic fiber and higher colorectal cancer mortality in postmenopausal women.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The Association between Prebiotic Fiber Supplement Use and Colorectal Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative

Skiba

Kohler

Crane

et al. 2019

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…While sugar intake was well within recommended limits for most participants, one unfavourable finding was the low intake of dietary fibre for both genders. Countless studies have investigated the importance of dietary fibre, of which many have found inverse associations with risk of CVD and all cancers (45)(46)(47) . Dietary fibre also promotes a healthy microbiota (48,49) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

StudentKost: a cross-sectional study assessing college students’ diets: reason for concern?

et al. 2020

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College students constitute a significant proportion of the young adult population in Norway. They are in their reproductive years, which is of interest regarding diet and preconception health. Our objective was to assess young college students’ diet and nutrient intake in relation to national dietary recommendations and assess the probability of inadequate micronutrient intake for both genders using the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, and also to evaluate its consequences on preconception health and create a groundwork for future interventions on this group. At the University of Agder (UiA), we enrolled 622 students aged 18–40 years for a cross-sectional study of student's diet, StudentKost. The students completed a food frequency questionnaire, including questions of supplement use, over the past 4 weeks. Intake of fruits, vegetables, oily fish, and whole grain was lower than recommended, as were mean intake of folate, iron, and iodine. Our main findings are that students have a somewhat suboptimal diet compared to the Norwegian dietary guidelines. Male students had generally lower diet quality than females. Compared to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), we also saw a relatively high probability of inadequate intake of several micronutrients and a very high probability for some micronutrients in a significant portion of the sample. Public health effort should be directed towards improving students and young adults’ diet in general, and interventions towards improving preconception health should be explored. The low participation rate limits the generalizability of our findings. Our findings encourage further investigation into young adults’ diet.

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“…The followup duration of cohorts ranged from 5 to 40 years. Twenty-five studies reported the results for total fiber, [28][29][30][31][32][33][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][60][61][62][63][64][66][67][68][69][70] 10 studies reported the results for fruit and vegetable fiber, 30,31,33,50,54,56,57,[63][64][65] 10 for cereal fiber, 30,31,33,50,51,[56][57][58]64,65 eight for soluble fiber, 30,31,33,50,52,55,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31,32,50,54,57,68,70 Three studies were conducted exclusively on women, 51,59,65 three on men, 28,64,67 and the others on both sexes. Nineteen studies used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary assessment, 28,30,31,[49][50][51]53,54,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]65,66,68 three used 24 h dietary recall, 33,52,55 three used food records, 29,32,67 two used a dietary history questionnaire, 69,70 and one study implemented the cross-check dietary history method. 64 Of 28 prospective cohort studies, all studies were controlled for age and sex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Qualities of cohort studies as assessed by the ROBINS-I tool are presented in ESI Table 3. † Twelve prospective cohort studies were rated to have moderate risk of bias 28,30,31,33,53,55,56,58,59,62,63,68 and the remainders were judged to be at serious risk of bias. 29,32,[49][50][51][52]54,57,60,61,[64][65][66][67]69,70 Total fiber and all-cause mortality Twenty-one prospective cohort studies with 103 156 cases of all-cause mortality among 1 451 903 participants were entered into the analysis of dietary fiber and all-cause mortality risk.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total and different dietary fiber subtypes and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Mirrafiei,

Jayedi,

Shab-Bidar

2023

Food Funct.

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Association between dietary fibre intake with cancer and all‐cause mortality among 15 740 adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III

Abstract: Dietary fibre showed protective benefits in terms of mortality risk. Investigating the mechanisms and components of dietary fibres underlying the different protective benefits remains an important consideration for research on fibre-mortality risk.

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

The Association between Prebiotic Fiber Supplement Use and Colorectal Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative

The Association between Prebiotic Fiber Supplement Use and Colorectal Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative

StudentKost: a cross-sectional study assessing college students’ diets: reason for concern?

Total and different dietary fiber subtypes and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

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