Association Between Diet Quality and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Korean Adults: The 2014–2015 National Fitness Award Project

Seong, Mingyeong; Kim, Youjin; Park, Saejong; Kim, Hyesook; Kwon, Oran

doi:10.3390/nu12113226

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“… 43 On the other hand, several of the LE8 components have individually been shown to correspond to CRF levels, but most prior studies have relied on estimated CRF based on exercise time, focused on mostly young adult populations or specific disease states, and have used varying assessments of lifestyle factors. 26 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 Here, we demonstrate relations of the LE8 components (mostly scored on the basis of evidence‐based thresholds) with the gold‐standard assessment of CRF. The strongest associations were observed for physical activity, BMI, nicotine exposure, and blood glucose, suggesting that maintenance of physical activity, metabolic health (optimal BMI, euglycemia), and avoiding nicotine exposure may be the most important LE8 components for preserving CRF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Life's Essential 8 Cardiovascular Health Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community

Ravichandran,

Gajjar,

Walker

et al. 2024

JAHA

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Background The relation of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to lifestyle behaviors and factors linked with cardiovascular health remains unclear. We aimed to understand how the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score (and its changes over time) relate to CRF and complementary exercise measures in community‐dwelling adults. Methods and Results Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing for direct quantification of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 ). A 100‐point LE8 score was constructed as the average across 8 factors: diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. We related total LE8 score, score components, and change in LE8 score over 8 years with peak V̇O 2 (log‐transformed) and complementary CRF measures. In age‐ and sex‐adjusted linear models (N=1838, age 54±9 years, 54% women, LE8 score 76±12), a higher LE8 score was associated favorably with peak V̇O 2 , ventilatory efficiency, resting heart rate, and blood pressure response to exercise (all P <0.0001). A clinically meaningful 5‐point higher LE8 score was associated with a 6.0% greater peak V̇O 2 (≈1.4 mL/kg per minute at sample mean). All LE8 components were significantly associated with peak V̇O 2 in models adjusted for age and sex, but blood lipids, diet, and sleep health were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for all LE8 components. Over an ≈8‐year interval, a 5‐unit increase in LE8 score was associated with a 3.7% higher peak V̇O 2 ( P <0.0001). Conclusions Higher LE8 score and improvement in LE8 over time was associated with greater CRF, highlighting the importance of the LE8 factors in maintaining CRF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Life's Essential 8 Cardiovascular Health Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community

Ravichandran,

Gajjar,

Walker

et al. 2024

JAHA

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“…Prior studies have demonstrated associations of dietary components with fitness, but have primarily focused on specific populations (e.g., extremes of age) [6–10], estimated measures of fitness [5,6,11–14], or specific dietary components [6,10,12,13]. Our study adds to the literature by directly addressing some of the limitations of prior investigations on dietary patterns and fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although association of diet with CRF has been previously reported, prior studies relied primarily on treadmill exercise time as a surrogate for peak CRF, focused on specific (often younger) populations, and used varying dietary assessments that focused on specific food types rather than standardized and integrated indices of evidence-based healthy patterns of eating [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Furthermore, few studies have examined the association of macronutrient intake with fitness in population-based cohorts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthy dietary patterns are an important component of cardiovascular health [4], but it remains uncertain whether they are also related to CRF. Indeed, while putative mechanisms linking a healthy diet and improved fitness have been proposed to include anti-inflammatory effects or increased availability of antioxidants, these mechanisms are incompletely elucidated [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Healthy Dietary Patterns and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community

Gajjar

Walker

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Aims: To evaluate the associations of dietary indices and quantitative CRF measures in a large, community-based sample harnessing metabolomic profiling to interrogate shared biology. Methods: Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise tests for CRF quantification (via peak VO2) and completed semi-quantitative FFQs. Dietary quality was assessed by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and Mediterranean-style Diet Score (MDS), and fasting blood concentrations of 201 metabolites were quantified. Results: In 2380 FHS participants (54±9 years, 54% female, BMI 28±5 kg/m2), 1-SD higher AHEI and MDS were associated with 5.1% (1.2 ml/kg/min, p<0.0001) and 4.4% (1.0 ml/kg/min, p<0.0001) greater peak VO2 in linear models adjusted for age, sex, total energy intake, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical activity. In participants with metabolite profiling (N=1154), 24 metabolites were concordantly associated with both dietary indices and peak VO2 in multivariable-adjusted linear models (FDR<5%). These metabolites included C6 and C7 carnitines, C16:0 ceramide, and dimethylguanidino valeric acid, which were higher with lower CRF and poorer dietary quality and are known markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Conversely, C38:7 phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen and C38:7 and C40:7 phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were associated with higher CRF and favorable dietary quality and may link to lower cardiometabolic risk. Conclusion: Higher diet quality is associated with greater CRF cross-sectionally in a middle-aged community-dwelling sample, and metabolites highlight potential shared favorable effects on health.

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“…The KISS FitS Project was started in 2011 by the Korea Sports Promotion Foundation and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. It was a nationwide project to evaluate physical fitness levels and facilitate a healthy lifestyle among the general Korean population [12]. The study participants were recruited from the general population, and physical fitness tests were conducted at the strength certification centers in Korea [13].…”

Section: Study Design and Cohortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Sex on the Association between Flexibility and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults

Yoo

Park

et al. 2022

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Flexibility is one of the most important physical fitness parameters in the geriatric population. Brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a measure of systemic arterial stiffness. However, data on the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness in the older adult population are limited. Therefore, we aim to investigate this association by using the sit-and-reach test (SRT) and measuring baPWV. Materials and Methods: We reviewed data from the 2014–2015 Korean Institute of Sports Science Fitness Standards Project. Individuals older than 65 years with SRT and baPWV data were included. A generalized linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness. Multiple relevant confounding factors were adjusted. Results: A total of 615 individuals were included in the analysis. The mean age of the male and female participants was 71.44 ± 4.42 and 70.64 ± 4.13 years, respectively. The mean SRT result was 6.58 ± 9.97 and 18.04 ± 7.48 cm, respectively. After multivariable adjustment among the male participants, the higher SRT result tertiles were inversely associated with baPWV (β [95% confidence interval]: 3.11–11.00 cm, −74.45 [−140.93, −8.55]; ≥11.01 cm, −108.17 [−177.65, −38.70]) in comparison with the lowest tertile. The female participants did not show any significant correlation between the SRT result and baPWV. Conclusions: Our results suggest an inverse association between trunk flexibility and systemic arterial stiffness, expressed as the SRT result and baPWV, respectively, in older Korean men but no association in older Korean women. Sex differences might influence the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness in the older adult population.

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Association Between Diet Quality and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Korean Adults: The 2014–2015 National Fitness Award Project

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Life's Essential 8 Cardiovascular Health Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community

Life's Essential 8 Cardiovascular Health Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community

Association of Healthy Dietary Patterns and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community

Impact of Sex on the Association between Flexibility and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults

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