Association between depression and macrovascular disease: a mini review

Zhao, Shuwu; Zhu, Liping; Yang, Jinfeng

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1215173

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…色氨酸羟化酶- 1.3.3 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴 HPA轴是人体最重要的神经内分泌轴 [44] . 大多数 (corticotropin releasing hormone, CRH)和肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH)分泌增加以及血浆皮质醇含量升高 [45] , 由此激活了天然免疫系统产生促炎细胞因子和神经递质, 影响肠道神经元的活性, 并通过"肠-脑"轴传递信号到大脑. 另外, 抑郁症患者肠道菌群失调和肠道黏膜屏障损伤可能会引发免疫炎症反应, 激活免疫细胞, 产生促炎细胞因子影响HPA轴的调节.…”

Section: 迷走神经途径迷走神经(Vagus Nerve Vn)支配消化系统的绝大unclassified

The mechanism and application prospect of intestinal flora regulating inflammatory response and oxidative stress in depression

Li,

Mo,

Yao

2023

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Section: 迷走神经途径迷走神经(Vagus Nerve Vn)支配消化系统的绝大unclassified

The mechanism and application prospect of intestinal flora regulating inflammatory response and oxidative stress in depression

Li,

Mo,

Yao

2023

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…Brown and colleagues replicated these findings of a reduced HRV in a meta-analysis in older adults (over 60 years), including 550 patients with MDD without CHD compared to healthy controls [ 7 ]. This sympatho-vagal dysbalance is also assumed to contribute to the increased risk for CHD and even mortality in patients with MDD [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Modulation of the Autonomic Nervous System in Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Böttcher,

Schreiber,

Wozniak

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have an increased risk for cardiac events. This is partly attributed to a disbalance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) indicated by a reduced vagal tone and a (relative) sympathetic hyperactivity. However, in most studies, heart rate variability (HRV) was only examined while resting. So far, it remains unclear whether the dysbalance of the ANS in patients with MDD is restricted to resting or whether it is also evident during sympathetic and parasympathetic activation. The aim of this study was to compare the responses of the ANS to challenges that stimulated the sympathetic and, respectively, the parasympathetic nervous systems in patients with MDD. Forty-six patients with MDD (female 27 (58.7%), mean age 44 ± 17 years) and 46 healthy controls (female 26 (56.5%), mean age 44 ± 20 years) underwent measurement of time- and frequency-dependent domains of HRV at rest, while standing (sympathetic challenge), and during slow-paced breathing (SPB, vagal, i.e., parasympathetic challenge). Patients with MDD showed a higher heart rate, a reduced HRV, and a diminished vagal tone during resting, standing, and SPB compared to controls. Patients with MDD and controls responded similarly to sympathetic and vagal activation. However, the extent of modulation of the ANS was impaired in patients with MDD, who showed a reduced decrease in the vagal tone but also a reduced increase in sympathetic activity when switching from resting to standing. Assessing changes in the ANS during sympathetic and vagal activation via respective challenges might serve as a future biomarker and help to allocate patients with MDD to therapies like HRV biofeedback and psychotherapy that were recently found to modulate the vagal tone.

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Major Depressive Disorder Impacts Peripheral Artery Disease Risk Through Intermediary Risk Factors

Shakt,

Tsao,

Levin

et al. 2024

JAHA

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Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been identified as a causal risk factor for multiple forms of cardiovascular disease. Although observational evidence has linked MDD to peripheral artery disease (PAD), causal evidence of this relationship is lacking. Methods and Results Inverse variance weighted 2‐sample Mendelian randomization was used to test the association the between genetic liability for MDD and genetic liability for PAD. Genetic liability for MDD was associated with increased genetic liability for PAD (odds ratio [OR], 1.17 [95% CI, 1.06–1.29]; P =2.6×10 −3 ). Genetic liability for MDD was also associated with increased genetically determined lifetime smoking ( β =0.11 [95% CI, 0.078–0.14]; P =1.2×10 −12 ), decreased alcohol intake ( β =−0.078 [95% CI, −0.15 to 0]; P =0.043), and increased body mass index ( β =0.10 [95% CI, 0.02–0.19]; P =1.8×10 −2 ), which in turn were associated with genetic liability for PAD (smoking: OR, 2.81 [95% CI, 2.28–3.47], P =9.8×10 −22 ; alcohol: OR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.66–0.88]; P =1.8×10 −4 ; body mass index: OR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.52–1.7]; P =1.3×10 −57 ). Controlling for lifetime smoking index, alcohol intake, and body mass index with multivariable Mendelian randomization completely attenuated the association between genetic liability for MDD with genetic liability for PAD. Conclusions This work provides evidence for a possible causal association between MDD and PAD that is dependent on intermediate risk factors, adding to the growing body of evidence suggesting that effective management and treatment of cardiovascular diseases may require a composite of physical and mental health interventions.

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Association between depression and macrovascular disease: a mini review

Cited by 3 publications

References 131 publications

The mechanism and application prospect of intestinal flora regulating inflammatory response and oxidative stress in depression

The mechanism and application prospect of intestinal flora regulating inflammatory response and oxidative stress in depression

Impaired Modulation of the Autonomic Nervous System in Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder Impacts Peripheral Artery Disease Risk Through Intermediary Risk Factors

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