Association between concurrent alcohol and tobacco use and poverty

Silva, Varuni de; Samarasinghe, Diyanath; Hanwella, Raveen

doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2010.00202.x

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…On balance, the evidence is strongest with regard to youth and heavy drinkers. We found relatively few studies that examined the impact of policies on different ethnic and cultural groups (e.g., Montag, Clapp, Calac, Gorman, & Chambers, 2012), and further research is recommended on this important topic and also on differential impacts associated with SES (e.g., Ayyagari, Deb, Fletcher, Gallo, & Sindelar, 2013;Crawford et al, 2012;De Silva, Samarasinghe, & Hanwella, 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do alcohol pricing and availability policies have differential effects on sub-populations? A commentary

Giesbrecht

Wettlaufer

Cukier

et al. 2016

IJADR

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Aims: Numerous policies have been shown to reduce the harm from alcohol; however, not all sub-populations respond similarly to policy interventions. This paper explores the specific effects of alcohol pricing policies and controls regarding physical availability on different types of harms from alcohol as well as on different sectors of the population, including impacts by gender, age, and drinking patterns.Design, Setting, Participants, and Measures: We focus on two dimensions. The first is alcohol pricing and taxation; the second is alcohol availability, comprising type of alcohol control system, outlet density, and hours/days of sale. We focused on peer-reviewed research and reviews published from 2005-2015, using several databases: PsycINFO, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Cochrane.Findings: Precautionary alcohol prices have substantial harm reduction potential, particularly among youth and high-risk drinkers. Restrictions on outlet densities and hours/days of sale impact the drinking patterns of underage youth, reduce high-risk drinking, and reduce alcohol-related harm. A reduction in prices or an increase in alcohol availability are associated with increase in high-risk drinking or alcohol-related harm. Conclusions:Future work should examine these policy measures in light of socioeconomic status and cultural factors, as well as impacts of policy interventions on evidence of harm to others from alcohol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do alcohol pricing and availability policies have differential effects on sub-populations? A commentary

Giesbrecht

Wettlaufer

Cukier

et al. 2016

IJADR

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“…A similar reflection of lack of knowledge is the fact that the participants in the current study focused mostly on the adverse health effects of smoking and did not report the health implications of snuff use, second-hand smoke and other forms of tobacco use, though these are also associated with significant morbidity and mortality [30,31]. Therefore HCPs need to be trained on the health implications of all forms of tobacco use and on the need to screen for them, including screening for other addictions, given that concurrent addictions decrease the likelihood of successful quit attempts [29,32]. Training has been shown to increase providers’ knowledge and confidence, as well as the likelihood and the extent of implementing tobacco cessation interventions [17,20,33-36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing tobacco dependence treatment during clinical consultations: a qualitative study of clinicians’ experiences, perceptions and behaviours in a South African primary health care setting

2014

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BackgroundEvidence suggests that healthcare providers (HCPs) in South Africa do not consistently offer tobacco dependence treatment (TDT) during clinical consultations. In order to understand and explain this behaviour in a South African context, we conducted a qualitative exploration of HCPs’ experiences, perceptions and behaviours regarding TDT.MethodsIndividual qualitative interviews were conducted with physicians and nurses who were purposively selected. Themes were identified from interview transcripts using content analysis. Findings were triangulated and peer-reviewed, and were also verified by the participants.ResultsFifteen physicians and four nurses were interviewed, none of whom used tobacco. These participants perceived TDT as an important task, but could not consistently implement it during clinical consultations due to health systems constraints (time-constraints because of patient-overload, the unavailability of cessation medications and a lack of support for referrals), misperceptions and misconceptions (negative outcome expectations about the effectiveness and feasibility of TDT), socio-cultural barriers (counselling older persons was perceived as challenging) and personal limitations (perceived low self-efficacy, poor knowledge and skills on implementing any evidence-based TDT framework). Patients are therefore selectively screened based on clinical relevance and offered only prescriptive brief advice. Participants recommended several systems changes, including academic detailing of tobacco status, training HCPs and incorporating tobacco cessation medications in the Essential Drug List.ConclusionThe reported selective screening and limited TDT interventions offered by HCPs are related to interactions between health systems constraints, personal limitations, and misperceptions and misconceptions about the effectiveness and feasibility of TDT during clinical consultation. Implementing the recommended systems changes has the potential to improve the implementation of TDT in South African primary health care (PHC).

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“…Although prevalence of alcohol consumption was higher among SLN personnel compared to the general population in Sri Lanka, majority of users in the SLN consumed alcohol less frequently than once a month [6,23]. Among SLN personnel the prevalence of hazardous use was 16.69 %.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use in a military population deployed in combat areas: a cross sectional study

Hanwella

Silva

Jayasekera³

2012

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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BackgroundAlcohol misuse is more prevalent among military populations. Association between PTSD and heavy drinking have been reported in many studies. Most of the studies on alcohol use among military personnel are from US and UK. Aim of this study is to describe alcohol consumption patterns among military personnel in Sri Lanka, a country where the alcohol consumption among the general population are very different to that in US and UK.MethodsCross sectional study consisting of representative samples of Sri Lanka Navy Special Forces and regular forces deployed in combat areas continuously during a one year period was carried out. Data was collected using a self report questionnaire. Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to assess alcohol consumption.ResultsSample consisted of 259 Special Forces and 412 regular navy personnel. The median AUDIT score was 2.0 (interquartile range 6.0). Prevalence of current drinking was 71.2 %. Of the current users 54.81 % were infrequent users (frequency ≤ once a month) while 37.87 % of users consumed 2–4 times a month. Prevalence of hazardous drinking (AUDIT ≥ 8) was 16.69 % and binge drinking 14.01 %. Five (0.75 %) had AUDIT total ≥20. There was no significant difference between Special Forces and regular forces in hazardous drinking or binge drinking. Total AUDIT score ≥16 were associated with difficulty performing work.ConclusionsHigh rates of hazardous drinking and binge drinking described among military personnel in US and UK were not seen among SLN personnel deployed in combat areas. This finding contrasts with previously reported association between combat exposure and hazardous alcohol use among military personnel. Alcohol use among military personnel may be significantly influenced by alcohol consumption patterns among the general population, access to alcohol and attitudes about alcohol use. Similar to findings from other countries, heavy alcohol use was associated with poorer psychological health and functional impairment.

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Association between concurrent alcohol and tobacco use and poverty

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Do alcohol pricing and availability policies have differential effects on sub-populations? A commentary

Do alcohol pricing and availability policies have differential effects on sub-populations? A commentary

Implementing tobacco dependence treatment during clinical consultations: a qualitative study of clinicians’ experiences, perceptions and behaviours in a South African primary health care setting

Alcohol use in a military population deployed in combat areas: a cross sectional study

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