Association Between Coeliac Disease and Risk of Any Malignancy and Gastrointestinal Malignancy

Abstract

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Pancreatic cancer and autoimmune diseases: An association sustained by computational and epidemiological case–control approaches

“…Contradictory results have been published regarding pernicious anemia, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis with some studies reporting no significant association while others showing a significant increased PC risk . For celiac disease, studies have reported both significantly reduced and increased risk of PC, but a recent meta‐analysis showed no significant association . Furthermore, most studies have described a lack of association between rheumatoid arthritis and PC risk .…”

“…29 Current studies point to an association between certain AIDs and an increased risk of different types of cancers such as small intestine and oesophageal cancers with celiac disease, or hematological neoplasms with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematous, and scleroderma. 11,17,19,30 Yet, some of these AIDs have been associated with a decreased risk of other cancers such as breast and colorectal, 18,19,31 suggesting that the association may not be the same for all cancer types. For PC, the information is limited and conflicting.…”

“…12,15,34 For celiac disease, studies have reported both significantly reduced and increased risk of PC, 18,22 but a recent meta-analysis showed no significant association. 11 Furthermore, most studies have described a lack of association between rheumatoid arthritis and PC risk. 22,[37][38][39] However, a study performed with the Scottish Cancer Registry reported a significant negative association between rheumatoid arthritis and PC among women but not among men 21 ; in our study, no interaction was observed with gender.…”

“…Studies have reported positive associations between overall cancer risk and AIDs such as celiac disease, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. [11][12][13] However, contrary associations have been reported for specific types of cancer, for example, positive associations have been observed for Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus, or liver cancer with celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, or inflammatory bowel disease, 12,[14][15][16][17] while other studies have reported negative associations between breast cancer with celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus, or colorectal cancer with rheumatoid arthritis. [18][19][20][21] However, to date, limited and conflicting information exists regarding the association between autoimmunity and the risk of PC, which could be partly explained by the relatively low prevalence of both conditions in the population.…”

“…Cancer is thought to result from the accumulation of genetic alterations and the evasion of the immune response against neoantigens; therefore, it is conceivable that AIDs and cancer share genetic mechanisms. Studies have reported positive associations between overall cancer risk and AIDs such as celiac disease, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or systemic lupus erythematosus . However, contrary associations have been reported for specific types of cancer, for example, positive associations have been observed for Non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma with Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus, or liver cancer with celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, or inflammatory bowel disease, while other studies have reported negative associations between breast cancer with celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus, or colorectal cancer with rheumatoid arthritis .…”