Association between cannabis use and schizotypal dimensions – A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

Szöke, Andreı̈; Galliot, A.M.; Richard, Jean-Romain; Ferchiou, Aziz; Baudin, Grégoire; Leboyer, Marion; Schürhoff, Franck

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.05.008

Cited by 48 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Cannabis use was found to predict onset of psychotic symptoms and psychotic disorders 171 . In the general population, it was associated with both elevated psychoticism and detachment, although the latter effect was weaker 48,172‐174 . In patients, cannabis use was associated with more severe reality distortion symptoms and was not consistently linked to other symptoms 175‐179 .…”

Section: Validity Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

et al. 2020

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The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a scientific effort to address shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, which suffer from arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co‐occurrence, heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic instability. This paper synthesizes evidence on the validity and utility of the thought disorder and detachment spectra of HiTOP. These spectra are composed of symptoms and maladaptive traits currently subsumed within schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, and schizotypal, paranoid and schizoid personality disorders. Thought disorder ranges from normal reality testing, to maladaptive trait psychoticism, to hallucinations and delusions. Detachment ranges from introversion, to maladaptive detachment, to blunted affect and avolition. Extensive evidence supports the validity of thought disorder and detachment spectra, as each spectrum reflects common genetics, environmental risk factors, childhood antecedents, cognitive abnormalities, neural alterations, biomarkers, and treatment response. Some of these characteristics are specific to one spectrum and others are shared, suggesting the existence of an overarching psychosis superspectrum. Further research is needed to extend this model, such as clarifying whether mania and dissociation belong to thought disorder, and explicating processes that drive development of the spectra and their subdimensions. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the thought disorder and detachment spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and higher acceptability to clinicians. Validated measures are available to implement the system in practice. The more informative, reliable and valid characterization of psychosis‐related psychopathology offered by HiTOP can make diagnosis more useful for research and clinical care.

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Section: Validity Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

et al. 2020

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“…Cannabis can induce psychotic symptoms through the activation of the endocannabinoid system, which is an endogenous system that modulates dopamine neurotransmission (29). Interestingly, cannabis use has also been associated with schizotypy, being the positive and the disorganized dimensions of schizotypy the most strongly related (30)(31)(32)(33). However, only a relatively small proportion of cannabis users develop psychotic symptoms, which means that other factors might explain the interaction between cannabis and psychosis risk (34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction between the ZNF804A gene and cannabis use on the risk of psychosis in a non-clinical sample

Soler

Arias

Moya

et al. 2019

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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The ZNF804A gene and cannabis use are risk factors for psychosis and both have also been associated with schizotypal traits. This study aimed to investigate: i) the association of lifetime cannabis use (and its dose effect) with schizotypal personality traits, and ii) whether the genetic variability at ZNF804A gene modulates that association. Our sample consisted of 385 Spanish non-clinical subjects (43.1% males, mean age = 21.11(2.19)). Schizotypy was evaluated using the three factors of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B): Cognitive-Perceptual (SPQ-CP), Interpersonal (SPQ-I) and Disorganized (SPQ-D). Subjects were classified according to their frequency of cannabis consumption, and dichotomized as users or non-users. The effects of a genetic variant of ZNF804A (rs1344706) and cannabis use, as well as their interaction, on each of the three SPQ-B factors were assessed using linear models and permutation tests. Sex, SCL anxiety scores and use of other drugs were included as covariates. Our analysis showed a significant relationship between ZNF804A and SPQ-I: AA genotype was associated with higher scores (β = 0.885 p = .018). An interaction between the AA genotype and lifetime cannabis use was found in SPQ-CP (β = 1.297 p = 0.018). This interaction showed a dose-effect pattern among AA subjects: schizotypy scores increased with increasing frequency of cannabis use (sporadic users: β = 0.746 p = 0.208; monthly users: β = 1.688 p = 0.091; intense users: β = 1.623 p = 0.038). These results add evidence on that the ZNF804A gene is associated with schizotypy and suggest that the interaction between cannabis use and ZNF804A genotype could modulate psychosis proneness.

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“…Although the cross-sectional association between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders has been consistently documented, 12,13 longitudinal studies evaluating the association of cannabis use with incident psychiatric disorders have yielded mixed results. [14][15][16] Some studies have reported that cannabis use is associated with increased risk of onset of depression, [16][17][18][19] anxiety, 14,17,19 bipolar disorder, 16 substance use disorders, 20 and psychosis, 21,22 while others have not replicated these findings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE With rising rates of marijuana use in the general population and an increasing number of states legalizing recreational marijuana use and authorizing medical marijuana programs, there are renewed clinical and policy concerns regarding the mental health effects of cannabis use. OBJECTIVE To examine prospective associations between cannabis use and risk of mental health and substance use disorders in the general adult population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nationally representative sample of US adults aged 18 years or older was interviewed 3 years apart in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (wave 1, 2001-2002; wave 2, 2004-2005). The primary analyses were limited to 34 653 respondents who were interviewed in both waves. Data analysis was conducted from March 15 to November 30, 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES We used multiple regression and propensity score matching to estimate the strength of independent associations between cannabis use at wave 1 and incident and prevalent psychiatric disorders at wave 2. Psychiatric disorders were measured with a structured interview (Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV). In both analyses, the same set of wave 1 confounders was used, including sociodemographic characteristics, family history of substance use disorder, disturbed family environment, childhood parental loss, low self-esteem, social deviance, education, recent trauma, past and present psychiatric disorders, and respondent's history of divorce. RESULTS In the multiple regression analysis of 34 653 respondents (14 564 male [47.9% weighted]; mean [SD] age, 45.1 [17.3] years), cannabis use in wave 1 (2001-2002), which was reported by 1279 respondents, was significantly associated with substance use disorders in wave 2 (2004-2005

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Association between cannabis use and schizotypal dimensions – A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

Cited by 48 publications

References 61 publications

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): I. Psychosis superspectrum

The interaction between the ZNF804A gene and cannabis use on the risk of psychosis in a non-clinical sample

Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders

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