“…Currently much attention is focused on metabolic and immunologic markers which are likely to play one of the key roles in atherogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Recent studies provide convincing evidence that anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), rheumatoid factor IgM, circulating immune complexes, antiinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alfa, ІL-6), Th0/Th1 of Т-cells, homocysteine, dyslipidemia, decreased folic acid level, impaired vitamin metabolism as well as disturbances in paraoxonase activity can be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases in RA (Yang et al, 2015;Batún Garrido et al, 2016;Rodríguez-Carrio et al, 2016;Tocci et al, 2016;Bernardes et al, 2017;Herly et al, 2017). Nowadays low paraoxonase activity is generally recognized as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases involved in pathologic remodeling of the heart and vessels as well as thrombosis in the general population (Kerekes et al, 2008;Tang et al, 2012;Patra et al, 2013;Kovalenko et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015;Kunutsor et al, 2016).…”