Association Between Anxiety and Depression Symptoms With Pathological Personality Traits

Carvalho, Lucas de Francisco; Arruda, Wellington

doi:10.14482/psdc.33.2.7290

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…19,20 Métodos de evaluación de autoinforme de empatía en población infantil En la literatura, el Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal (IRI) de Davis 26 es el instrumento de autoinforme más utilizado y traducido por diversos autores para medir la empatía en población adulta. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Aunque la creación de los ítems en su versión original en inglés se realizó para población adulta, la prueba es utilizada para múltiples investigaciones en población infantil. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] La prueba original específicamente evaluó 475 estudiantes universitarios de psicología de Estados Unidos y contiene 28 ítems que se distribuyen en cuatro dimensiones que abarcan el dominio cognitivo y afectivo de la empatía.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Empatía: Medidas Cognitivas y Psicofisiológicas en Población Infantil

et al. 2021

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La empatía ha consolidado una importante trayectoria investigativa desde el siglo pasado en las neurociencias cognitivas. Desde su definición como concepto, la construcción de instrumentos de evaluación para diferentes grupos de edad y la búsqueda de dominios y vertientes que aborden este componente no ha cesado. Esta revisión se dirige a recopilar los hallazgos representativos en la historia de la conceptualización del término y el desarrollo de la medición en empatía en las poblaciones, haciendo especial énfasis en los trabajos realizados con población infantil con herramientas de autoinforme y medidas psicofisiológicas. La revisión arrojó que existe un horizonte investigativo prometedor de la mano de técnicas psicofisiológicas como el EEG para la evaluación del constructo. Se discute la necesidad de profundizar en la búsqueda de patrones en la ontogenia de la empatía en la niñez, así como en el diseño de nuevas formas de medición a través de autoinforme para la práctica investigativa en países de habla hispana que involucre las dinámicas sociales y demográficas de estas poblaciones. Palabras clave: cognition, empathy, neuropsychology

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Empatía: Medidas Cognitivas y Psicofisiológicas en Población Infantil

et al. 2021

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Self-esteem, Body Image, and Dating Violence in Colombian Adolescents and Young Adults

Suárez

Gómez

Yanez-Peñúñuri

et al. 2021

J Interpers Violence

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Two objectives were formulated. The first was to establish whether characteristics such as self-esteem, perception of body image, and dating perpetration explain dating victimization. The second was to check if sex moderates the relationship between low self-esteem and dissatisfaction and if body dissatisfaction mediates the effect of low self-esteem on being a victim of dating violence (DV). A total of 1,409 Colombian adolescents and young adults, secondary and university students (42.5% men and 57.5% women), aged between 14 and 25 years ( M = 18.6 years; SD = 2.8 years) participated. An explanatory correlational design was used, in which the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Body Shape Questionnaire, and the Revised Dating Violence Questionnaire were applied. Six regression models were proposed for both men and women, where it was found that low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, and violence exerted in the courtship explain the violence received. Also, through the moderated mediation analysis, a moderate conditional indirect effect was verified of low self-esteem in DV victimization (R2 = 0.052***) through body dissatisfaction, being higher in women than in men. The preceding points to the convenience of intervening on self-esteem and body image in adolescents and young victims of this type of violence and considering these aspects in prevention campaigns.

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Impact of Fear of COVID-19, Depression, Anxiety and Stress on Temporomandibular Disorders in Peruvian Dental Students in the Post-Pandemic Period: A Multivariable Regression Analysis

Castro-Mena,

Huamani-Echaccaya,

Yarasca-Berrocal

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Dentists, who frequently encounter potentially infected patients, have experienced significant changes worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety and stress on the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), taking into account possible confounding variables, in Peruvian dental students during the post-pandemic period. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study assessed 607 Peruvian dental students from two regions of Peru. The study utilized the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and the Short Form of the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (SFAI). Possible confounding variables were sex, age, year of study, marital status, place of origin, area of residence, history of mental illness and living with people vulnerable to COVID-19. For the multivariable analysis, we utilized a Poisson regression model with an adjusted robust variance. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: The rates of depression, anxiety, stress, fear of COVID-19 and temporomandibular disorders were 47.0%, 50.4%, 35.9%, 30.6% and 54.2%, respectively. Moreover, the study revealed that students with depression and anxiety were 38% and 75% more likely to have temporomandibular disorders compared to those without depression (APR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.15–1.66) and anxiety (APR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.44–2.13), respectively. Similarly, the likelihood of presenting temporomandibular disorders was 55% higher in women than in men (APR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.28–1.87). Furthermore, we found that stress and fear of COVID-19 did not determine the development of temporomandibular disorders (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Almost half of the dental students experienced depression, anxiety and TMD in the post-pandemic period. In addition, depression and anxiety were influential factors in the occurrence of TMDs, with the female gender being a risk factor. However, factors such as fear of COVID-19, stress, age, year of study, marital status, place of origin, area of residence, history of mental illness or living with people vulnerable to COVID-19 were not significant.

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Association Between Anxiety and Depression Symptoms With Pathological Personality Traits

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Empatía: Medidas Cognitivas y Psicofisiológicas en Población Infantil

Empatía: Medidas Cognitivas y Psicofisiológicas en Población Infantil

Self-esteem, Body Image, and Dating Violence in Colombian Adolescents and Young Adults

Impact of Fear of COVID-19, Depression, Anxiety and Stress on Temporomandibular Disorders in Peruvian Dental Students in the Post-Pandemic Period: A Multivariable Regression Analysis

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