Association between Ambient Air Pollution and Hospital Length of Stay among Children with Asthma in South Texas

Baek, Juha; Kash, Bita A.; Xu, Xiaohui; Benden, Mark E.; Roberts, J. E. H.; Carrillo, Genny

doi:10.3390/ijerph17113812

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Many studies have demonstrated so far a clear association between short-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants and different asthma outcomes including asthma control [ 87 ], lung function [ 92 ], consumption of asthma medications [ 93 , 94 ], outpatient visits [ 95 , 96 ], asthma exacerbations [ 97 , 98 ], emergency room visits [ 99 ], hospitalizations [ 100 , 101 ], length of stay in the hospital [ 102 ] and deaths [ 2 ]. Several air pollutants have been implicated in the loss of asthma control.…”

Section: Outdoor Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes

Tiotiu

Novakova

Nedeva

et al. 2020

IJERPH

281

151

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Evidence suggests that air pollution has a negative impact on asthma outcomes in both adult and pediatric populations. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the effect of various outdoor and indoor pollutants on asthma outcomes, their burden on its management, as well as to highlight the measures that could result in improved asthma outcomes. Traffic-related air pollution, nitrogen dioxide and second-hand smoking (SHS) exposures represent significant risk factors for asthma development in children. Nevertheless, a causal relation between air pollution and development of adult asthma is not clearly established. Exposure to outdoor pollutants can induce asthma symptoms, exacerbations and decreases in lung function. Active tobacco smoking is associated with poorer asthma control, while exposure to SHS increases the risk of asthma exacerbations, respiratory symptoms and healthcare utilization. Other indoor pollutants such as heating sources and molds can also negatively impact the course of asthma. Global measures, that aim to reduce exposure to air pollutants, are highly needed in order to improve the outcomes and management of adult and pediatric asthma in addition to the existing guidelines.

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Section: Outdoor Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes

Tiotiu

Novakova

Nedeva

et al. 2020

IJERPH

281

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there was insufficient evidence to draw a similar conclusion regarding adult asthma [65]. Many studies have described correlations between short-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants and various aspects of asthma, including symptom control [66], lung function [67], medication dose [68,69], outpatient visits [70,71], asthma exacerbations [72,73], emergency room visits [74], hospitalizations [75,76], length of hospital stay [77], and mortality rate [78] (Figure 1). COPD is a disease characterized by exhaustion that frequently affects smokers and involves progressive respiratory symptoms, such as dyspnea and cough with sputum.…”

Section: The Effects Of Air Pollutants On Asthma and Copd Upper Airway Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Air Pollutants on Airway Diseases

Lee

Choi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Air pollutants include toxic particles and gases emitted in large quantities from many different combustible materials. They also include particulate matter (PM) and ozone, and biological contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which can penetrate the human airway and reach the bloodstream, triggering airway inflammation, dysfunction, and fibrosis. Pollutants that accumulate in the lungs exacerbate symptoms of respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Asthma, a heterogeneous disease with complex pathological mechanisms, is characterized by particular symptoms such as shortness of breath, a tight chest, coughing, and wheezing. Patients with COPD often experience exacerbations and worsening of symptoms, which may result in hospitalization and disease progression. PM varies in terms of composition, and can include solid and liquid particles of various sizes. PM concentrations are higher in urban areas. Ozone is one of the most toxic photochemical air pollutants. In general, air pollution decreases quality of life and life expectancy. It exacerbates acute and chronic respiratory symptoms in patients with chronic airway diseases, and increases the morbidity and risk of hospitalization associated with respiratory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Therefore, we reviewed the impact of air pollutants on airway diseases such as asthma and COPD, focusing on their underlying mechanisms.

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“…Previous studies showed that PM 2.5 has a higher in uence on hospital admission than other air pollutants (Buczyńska et al 2014). PM 2.5 was positively associated with LOS among children (Baek et al 2020a). There was a short-term increase in hospital admission rates associated with PM 2.5 for all of the health outcomes except injuries (Dominici et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Association of PM2.5 and its Components with Lengths of Hospital Stay for Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Children

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a public health concern. Studies on air pollution and the lengths of hospital stay (LOS) of HFMD are scarce. Methods We characterized the clinic demographic features of 5135 hospitalized HFMD in Nanjing, China from 2012 to 2017, and analyzed the association between short-term exposure to PM2.5 as well as its components (OM, BC, SO42−, NH4+, NIT, SOIL and SS) and the LOS of HFMD. Results Among them 98.62% were aged 0–6 years old, and 3772 (73.46%) were hospitalized for seven days or less. The LOS of HFMD children was different in different ages, illness onset years and illness onset seasons (P<0.01). For per IQR increase in PM2.5 concentrations, LOS of HFMD increased by 0.52(0.33, 0.71), 0.50 (95% CI, 0.31–0.69) and 0.46 (95% CI, 0.28–0.65) day in adjusted models at lag 3 days, lag 7days and lag 14 days, respectively. In addition, per IQR increase of BC, SO42−, NH4+, NIT and SOIL were also significantly associated with the LOS of HFMD. Conclusions Our findings corroborated the hypothesis that short-term PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased the LOS of HFMD, and its components (BC, SO42−, NH4+, NIT and SOIL) of PM2.5 might play a key role in the prolonged LOS of HFMD.

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Association between Ambient Air Pollution and Hospital Length of Stay among Children with Asthma in South Texas

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes

Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma Outcomes

Effects of Air Pollutants on Airway Diseases

Association of PM2.5 and its Components with Lengths of Hospital Stay for Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Children

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