Association between alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and Helicobacter pylori infection in Iraqi patients submitted to gastrointestinal endoscopy

Hussein, Rawaa Abdulkhaleq; Al-Ouqaili, Mushtak T.S.; Majeed, Yasin H.

doi:10.5339/jemtac.2022.aimco.12

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This is appropriate as Southern.IML Pathology services 90% of the pathology tests in this region indicating that the data obtained was a good representation of the testing in the region. The highest estimated prevalence of H. pylori infection was 1.7% in socioeconomic percentile 4, which is considerably lower than the anticipated prevalence values [38]. This may be explained by demographic variations in Southern.IML Pathology's major areas of activity as well as unaccounted testing performed by competing pathology services in the same and peripheral areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The Suitability of Stool Antigen Testing in the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in a Regional and Rural Area of Australia

Wearne,

Nadeem,

Wilson

et al. 2023

GastroHep

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Background. Helicobacter pylori is considered the most widespread bacterial pathogen worldwide. Successful eradication protocols are well established, highlighting the importance of appropriate infection detection. Noninvasive testing (NIT) methods are commonly used to detect infection, with test selection dependent on access and previous infection. This study examined trends in NIT by age group and test selection for eradication screening as well as examining H. pylori area prevalence by socioeconomic status (SES) in the Illawarra Shoalhaven and surrounding region. Materials and Methods. This retrospective cohort quantitative study is based on 20,998 NIT including stool antigen test (SAT), urea breath test (UBT), or H. pylori serology via Southern.IML Pathology between 2018 and 2020. Test percentage positives per and total test percentages within age groups were calculated for each NIT. Positive sample postcode data was assigned to socioeconomic percentiles. Total test utilisation and prevalence were calculated and depicted as geospatial representations. Results. Overall: 58.5% UBT, 31% serology, and 10.5% SAT were performed, with 14.7% positive for any NIT. Highest percent positive age group: SAT 80-89yo (18.6%), UBT 0-9yo (20.8%), and serology 90–99yo (32.6%). Test majority per age group: SAT 0-9yo (67.4%), UBT 10-89yo (59.4%), and serology 90-99yo (48.3%). A trend was seen between increasing infection prevalence and increasing socioeconomic disadvantage ( p = 0.161 , R 2 = 0.0361 ). Prevalence rates visually correlated with total test utilisation. Conclusions. SAT was underutilised compared to UBT or serology. Serology was inappropriately used in older age groups, and the result validity was questioned following confirmed infection. SAT is a viable alternative for use in these settings. No significant correlation was seen between lower SES areas and higher H. pylori infection prevalence, but low-test utilisation suggests likely prevalence underestimation within the studied area and may indicate reduced accessibility to healthcare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The Suitability of Stool Antigen Testing in the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in a Regional and Rural Area of Australia

Wearne,

Nadeem,

Wilson

et al. 2023

GastroHep

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“…This dilemma is usually attributed to various causes such as: availability of antibiotics everywhere and health care persons may suffer from lack of education. Also, many patients stop treatment with antibiotics upon feeling better, use leftover antibiotics and may use antibiotics in treating viral infection [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of selected non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals on antibiotic resistance gene transfer in Escherichia coli

Mohamed,

Abd El-Baky,

El-Mokhtar

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) transfer rapidly among bacterial species all over the world contributing to the aggravation of antibiotic resistance crisis. Antibiotics at sub-inhibitory concentration induce horizontal gene transfer (HRT) between bacteria, especially through conjugation. The role of common non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals in the market in disseminating antibiotic resistance is not well studied. Objectives In this work, we indicated the effect of some commonly used non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals including antiemetic (metoclopramide HCl) and antispasmodics (hyoscine butyl bromide and tiemonium methyl sulfate) on the plasmid-mediated conjugal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between pathogenic E. coli in the gastric intestinal tract (GIT). Methods Broth microdilution assay was used to test the antibacterial activity of the tested non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals. A conjugation mating system was applied in presence of the studied non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals to test their effect on conjugal transfer frequency. Plasmid extraction and PCR were performed to confirm the conjugation process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used for imaging the effect of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals on bacterial cells. Results No antibacterial activity was reported for the used non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals. Plasmid-mediated conjugal transfer between isolates was induced by metoclopramide HCl but suppressed by hyoscine butyl bromide. Tiemonium methylsulfate slightly promoted conjugal transfer. Aggregation between cells and periplasmic bridges was clear in the case of metoclopramide HCl while in presence of hyoscine butyl bromide little affinity was observed. Conclusion This study indicates the contribution of non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals to the dissemination and evolution of antibiotic resistance at the community level. Metoclopramide HCl showed an important role in the spread of antibiotic resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium that causes gastric diseases, such as gastritis and peptic ulcers, and is associated with stomach cancer [12,13]. The ability of H. pylori to adapt and thrive in the harsh acidic environment of the stomach is one of the most remarkable elements of its biology [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin in vitro resulting in the development of resistance and triggers metabolic reprogramming associated with virulence and pathogenicity

Rosli,

Al-Maleki,

Loke

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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In H. pylori infection, antibiotic-resistance is one of the most common causes of treatment failure. Bacterial metabolic activities, such as energy production, bacterial growth, cell wall construction, and cell-cell communication, all play important roles in antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Identification of microbial metabolites may result in the discovery of novel antimicrobial therapeutic targets and treatments. The purpose of this work is to assess H. pylori metabolomic reprogramming in order to reveal the underlying mechanisms associated with the development of clarithromycin resistance. Previously, four H. pylori isolates were induced to become resistant to clarithromycin in vitro by incrementally increasing the concentrations of clarithromycin. Bacterial metabolites were extracted using the Bligh and Dyer technique and analyzed using metabolomic fingerprinting based on Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-Q-ToF-MS). The data was processed and analyzed using the MassHunter Qualitative Analysis and Mass Profiler Professional software. In parental sensitivity (S), breakpoint isolates (B), and induced resistance isolates (R) H. pylori isolates, 982 metabolites were found. Furthermore, based on accurate mass, isotope ratios, abundances, and spacing, 292 metabolites matched the metabolites in the Agilent METLIN precise Mass-Personal Metabolite Database and Library (AM-PCDL). Several metabolites associated with bacterial virulence, pathogenicity, survival, and proliferation (L-leucine, Pyridoxone [Vitamine B6], D-Mannitol, Sphingolipids, Indoleacrylic acid, Dulcitol, and D-Proline) were found to be elevated in generated resistant H. pylori isolates when compared to parental sensitive isolates. The elevated metabolites could be part of antibiotics resistance mechanisms. Understanding the fundamental metabolome changes in the course of progressing from clarithromycin-sensitive to breakpoint to resistant in H. pylori clinical isolates may be a promising strategy for discovering novel alternatives therapeutic targets.

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Association between alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and Helicobacter pylori infection in Iraqi patients submitted to gastrointestinal endoscopy

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

The Suitability of Stool Antigen Testing in the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in a Regional and Rural Area of Australia

The Suitability of Stool Antigen Testing in the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in a Regional and Rural Area of Australia

Influence of selected non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals on antibiotic resistance gene transfer in Escherichia coli

Exposure of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin in vitro resulting in the development of resistance and triggers metabolic reprogramming associated with virulence and pathogenicity

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