Association between air pollution and ischemic cardiovascular emergency room visits

Lin, Chin An; Pereira, Luiz Alberto Amador; Conceição, Gleice Margarete de Souza; Kishi, Humberto S.; Milani, Rodolfo; Braga, Alfésio Luı́s Ferreira; Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento

doi:10.1016/s0013-9351(02)00054-3

Cited by 98 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In São Paulo, Brazil, a time-series study carried out by Lin and colleagues (6) highlights the relationship between air pollutants and ischemic cardiac diseases such as angina and acute myocardial infarction, in a representative cardiovascular emergency center. An interquartile range Air pollution on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases www.bjournal.com.br increase in CO was associated with an increase of 6.4% (95%CI: 0.7-12.1) in daily angina or acute myocardial infarction emergency room (ER) visits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of air pollution on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in São Paulo, Brazil

Filho

Pereira

Arbex

et al. 2008

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality and these patients, even without previous myocardial infarction, run the risk of fatal coronary heart disease similar to non-diabetic patients surviving myocardial infarction. There is evidence showing that particulate matter air pollution is associated with increases in cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus on the association of air pollution with cardiovascular emergency room visits in a tertiary referral hospital in the city of São Paulo. Using a time-series approach, and adopting generalized linear Poisson regression models, we assessed the effect of daily variations in PM 10 , CO, NO 2 , SO 2 , and O 3 on the daily number of emergency room visits for cardiovascular diseases in diabetic and non-diabetic patients from 2001 to 2003. A semi-parametric smoother (natural spline) was adopted to control long-term trends, linear term seasonal usage and weather variables. In this period, 45,000 cardiovascular emergency room visits were registered. The observed increase in interquartile range within the 2-day moving average of 8.0 µg/m 3 SO 2 was associated with 7.0% (95%CI: 4.0-11.0) and 20.0% (95%CI: 5.0-44.0) increases in cardiovascular disease emergency room visits by non-diabetic and diabetic groups, respectively. These data indicate that air pollution causes an increase of cardiovascular emergency room visits, and that diabetic patients are extremely susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution on their health conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of air pollution on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in São Paulo, Brazil

Filho

Pereira

Arbex

et al. 2008

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Um estudo desenvolvido em várias cidades brasileiras, inclusive em São Paulo, sugere uma associação entre a alta exposição a poluentes fotoquímicos e alta prevalência de sintomas de asma, rinite e eczema atópico 20 . Em outro estudo, os poluentes O 3 e SO 2 estavam associados a um acréscimo no número de atendimentos por pneumonia e gripe em idosos, mas estes poluentes não possuíam efeitos independentes de emergência por casos de angina e infarto agudo do miocárdio 21 . Trabalho mais recente identificou que os efeitos da poluição do ar na arritmia são predominantemente agudos e iniciam-se em concentrações abaixo dos padrões atuais de qualidade do ar 22 .…”

Section: Poluição Do Ar E Efeitos à Saúde Na Cidade De São Paulounclassified

Poluição veicular e saúde da população: uma revisão sobre o município de São Paulo (SP), Brasil

Toledo

Nardocci

2011

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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ResumoIntrodução: A poluição do ar é um problema importante para o município de São Paulo, cuja maior fonte são os veículos. Cerca de 11 milhões de habitantes estão expostos a essa poluição. Objetivo: Analisar os estudos realizados sobre a poluição do ar e seus efeitos na saúde da população do município de São Paulo e sobre méto-dos de avaliação da exposição à poluição relacionada ao tráfego. Métodos: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico com os descritores "air pollution", "São Paulo" e "traffic-related air pollution". Resultados: Foram obtidos vários estudos que verificaram relações entre a poluição do ar no município de São Paulo e problemas respiratórios e cardiovasculares, crescimento fetal, aumento na mortalidade e hospitalizações, particularmente em idosos e crianças. Para estimativa da exposição, a maioria destes estudos considera a distribuição isotrópica dos poluentes para toda a área, o que impede a avaliação da influência do tráfego. Vários métodos têm sido utilizados para avaliação da exposição da população à poluição relacionada ao trá-fego, os quais podem ser utilizados isoladamente ou em conjunto. Acredita-se que a associação de modelos para cálculo das concentrações de poluentes a métodos de georreferenciamento seja a abordagem adequada para o município de São Paulo. As vantagens do uso destes métodos são a capacidade de identificar situações e áreas prioritárias, obtenção de informações detalhadas para adoção de medidas ou políticas públicas e a simulação de diferentes cenários. Conclusão: A aplicação destes métodos, em estudos no município de São Paulo, depende da melhoria dos dados de entrada dos modelos, o aprimoramento da rede de monitoramento do ar e de condições meteorológicas e dados do volume de tráfego.Palavras-chave: poluição do ar; exposição ambiental; saúde pública; efeitos adversos; saúde ambiental. Rev Bras Epidemiol AbstractIntroduction: Air pollution is an important problem for São Paulo city and vehicles are the main source. About 11 million people are exposed to this pollution. Objective: To examine studies realized about air pollution and its effects on health of the population of São Paulo (Brazil) and methods of assessing exposure to pollution related to traffic. Methods: We performed a literature review using the keywords "air pollution", "São Paulo", and traffic-related air pollution. Results: As results were obtained several studies that found relation between air pollution in São Paulo and respiratory and cardiovascular problems, fetal growth, increased mortality and hospitalizations, particularly in children and elderly people. In order to estimate the exposure, most of these studies consider the isotropic distribution of pollutants throughout the area, what prevents the evaluation of and the influence of traffic. Several methods have been used to analyze the air traffic exposure, which can be used isolated or combined. It is believed that the combination of models used to calculate pollutant concentrations to methods of georeferencing is the most appropriate ap...

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“…Many studies have reported an association between the increase of atmospheric pollution and the number of hospital admissions due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in different age groups (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). The effects of pollution on health were usually observed in an acute short time exposure (11,15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of acute exposure to air pollution on the cardiorespiratory performance of military firemen

Oliveira¹,

Neto²,

Braga³

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of acute short-term exposure to air pollution on the cardiorespiratory performance of military fireman living and working in the city of Guarujá, São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-five healthy non-smoking firemen aged 24 to 45 years had about 1 h of exposure to low and high levels of air pollution. The tests consisted of two phases: phase A, in Bertioga, a town with low levels of air pollution, and phase B, in Cubatão, a polluted town, with a 7-day interval between phases. The volunteers remained in the cities (Bertioga/Cubatão) only for the time required to perform the tests. Cumulative load 10 ± 2 min-long exertion tests were performed on a treadmill, consisting of a 2-min stage at a load of 7 km/ h, followed by increasing exertion of 1 km h -1 min -1 until the maximum individual limit. There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in anaerobic threshold (AT) between Cubatão (35.04 ± 4.91 mL kg -1 min -1 ) and Bertioga (36.98 ± 5.62 mL kg -1 min -1 ; P = 0.01), in the heart rate at AT (AT HR ; Cubatão 152.08 ± 14.86 bpm, Bertioga 157.44 ± 13.64 bpm; P = 0.001), and in percent maximal oxygen consumption at AT (AT%VO 2max ; Cubatão 64.56 ± 6.55%, Bertioga 67.40 ± 5.35%; P = 0.03). However, there were no differences in VO 2max , maximal heart rate or velocity at AT (AT vel ) observed in firemen between towns. The acute exposure to pollutants in Cubatão, SP, caused a significant reduction in the performance at submaximal levels of physical exertion. Correspondence

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Association between air pollution and ischemic cardiovascular emergency room visits

Cited by 98 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of air pollution on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in São Paulo, Brazil

Effect of air pollution on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in São Paulo, Brazil

Poluição veicular e saúde da população: uma revisão sobre o município de São Paulo (SP), Brasil

Impact of acute exposure to air pollution on the cardiorespiratory performance of military firemen

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