Association between age‐related macular degeneration and periodontal and peri‐implant diseases: a systematic review

Javed, Fawad; Sculean, Anton; Romanos, Georgios E.

doi:10.1111/aos.14629

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Second, because AMD is associated with cardiovascular disease [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], renal disease [ 38 , 45 , 46 , 47 ], periodontal disease [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ] and Alzheimer’s disease [ 54 , 55 , 56 ], prevention of AMD may also reduce the burden of these common diseases. This would remarkably amplify the clinical significance following the prevention of AMD after metformin use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Is Reduced in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Who Use Metformin

Tseng

2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Background: Whether metformin may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) requires confirmation. This study compared the risk of AMD between ever users and never users of metformin matched on propensity score (PS) in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: We enrolled study subjects from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance. A total of 423,949 patients with new onset diabetes from 1999 to 2005 were identified. After excluding ineligible patients and enrolling only patients aged between 50 and 79 years, we created 13,303 pairs of ever users and never users of metformin matched on PS. The patients were followed from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2011. We estimated hazard ratios by Cox regression. Results: AMD was newly diagnosed in 506 ever users and 639 never users. The respective incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) were 778.72 and 1016.62. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for ever versus never users was 0.756 (0.673–0.850). While ever users were categorized by tertiles of cumulative duration (<31.8, 31.8–63.9 and >63.9 months) and cumulative dose (<947.1, 947.1–2193.5 and >2193.5 g) of metformin, a dose–response pattern was observed. For the respective tertiles of cumulative duration, the HRs (95% CIs) were 1.131 (0.961–1.330), 0.821 (0.697–0.967) and 0.464 (0.384–0.561), while compared to never users. For the respective tertiles of cumulative dose, the HRs (95% CIs) were 1.131 (0.962–1.329), 0.739 (0.624–0.876) and 0.525 (0.438–0.629). A risk reduction among ever users was observed for all tertiles of defined daily dose but was most remarkable for the third tertile with a defined daily dose of >0.64. Subgroup analyses suggested that the benefit of metformin could be similarly observed among men and women and for age subgroups of 50–64 and 65–79 years. However, patients with diabetic retinopathy would not be significantly benefited and metformin did not seem to be preventive for exudative AMD. Conclusion: In general, metformin significantly reduces the risk of AMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Is Reduced in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Who Use Metformin

Tseng

2023

Pharmaceuticals

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“…However, all samples received similar freezing and thawing cycles. Excessive complement activation has been associated also with several diseases and pathologies whose association with periodontitis has been suggested, such as Alzheimer's disease, 30 rheumatoid arthritis, 31 AMD, 32 and lung diseases, 33 involving dysregulations of inflammatory pathways. Since the present study has a cross‐sectional design, conclusions of causality cannot be drawn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common complement factor H polymorphisms are linked with periodontitis in elderly patients

Salminen

Pietiäinen

Paju

et al. 2022

Journal of Periodontology

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Background In our recent genome‐wide association study, we found that genetic polymorphisms in the complement factor H (CFH) gene and S100A gene region are strongly associated with serum matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP‐8) concentration and the release of MMP‐8 from neutrophils. As MMP‐8 is centrally involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, we aimed to evaluate the presence of genetic polymorphisms of S100A8/A9/A12, MMP8, and CFH in periodontitis. In addition, we studied whether polymorphisms of these genes affect the concentrations of S100A8, S100A12, MMP‐8, or complement activation marker in saliva. Methods We genotyped four single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs1560833 in S100A8/A9/A12, rs11225395 in MMP8, rs800292 in CFH, and rs1061170 in CFH) and measured salivary concentrations of S100A8, S100A12, MMP‐8, and terminal complement complex (TCC) in the Parogene cohort (n = 508). The cohort was composed of patients with an indication to coronary angiography and all underwent a clinical and radiographic oral examination. Results CFH polymorphisms rs800292 and rs1061170 were associated with periodontal parameters. None of the polymorphisms showed association with salivary proteins. However, salivary concentrations of S100A8, S100A12, MMP‐8, and TCC were strongly associated with the number of periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss. Conclusion Interestingly, genetic variants of CFH, MMP8, and S100A8/A9/A12 gene regions did not affect salivary levels of measured proteins. However, saliva levels of S100A8, S100A12, MMP‐8, and TCC, and CFH polymorphisms were associated with clinical and radiographic signs of periodontitis. Our study further supports the observations that any dysregulation of complement may increase the risk of inflammatory disorders, such as periodontitis.

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“… 34 Javed et al considered that periodontal diseases which was mainly caused by the periodontal infection may be a plausible risk factor for AMD and may have a potential role in the earlier stages of this eye disease. 35 Robman et al found that AMD patients with high antibody titers of C. pneumoniae were also found to have a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of disease progression. 36 In our study, AMD subjects with acute infectious diseases were excluded; however, chronic subclinical inflammation in AMD subjects was usually difficult to detect through medical screenings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Serum Complement C1q and C3 Level with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Women

Y¹,

Ding²,

Shao³

et al. 2022

JIR

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Purpose To investigate the association between serum complement components and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Patients and Methods A total of 118 AMD patients and age- and sex-matched 106 control subjects were included. Demographic data and the level of serum complement component (C)1q, C3 and C4 were evaluated. Based on sex, the subjects were stratified into male and female subgroups. Results The level of C1q (226.31±45.33mg/dL) was significantly higher and C3 (121.14±15.76mg/dL) was significantly lower than that in control group (200.03±38.54mg/dL) (128.42±19.81mg/dL) in the female AMD patients (p = 0.005, p = 0.045). Logistic regression showed that increased C1q (OR = 1.132, p = 0.016) and decreased C3 (OR = 0.960, p = 0.048) were independent risk factors for female AMD patients. No statistical significance was observed in the male. Conclusion Increased C1q and decreased C3 were associated with increased risk of AMD, suggesting that the complement classical pathway probably be involved in AMD, especially in female.

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Association between age‐related macular degeneration and periodontal and peri‐implant diseases: a systematic review

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

The Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Is Reduced in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Who Use Metformin

The Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Is Reduced in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Who Use Metformin

Common complement factor H polymorphisms are linked with periodontitis in elderly patients

Association of Serum Complement C1q and C3 Level with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Women

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