Association between adherence to a home exercise program and central sensitization, pain intensity, and functionality in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

Abstract

Objective To analyze the association between adherence to a home exercise program and central sensitization, pain intensity, and functionality in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 57 individuals with KOA. Evaluations were performed using the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS), the numerical rating scale (NRPS), the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), and the 30 sec sit and stand test (30SSST). Histograms were created to determine the normality of the data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine the normality of the data. Thus, Pearson’s (r) and determination (R2) correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the strength of associations between variables. Results No significant association was found between adherence behavior or reasons for adherence and central sensitization symptoms, the intensity of pain on rest and movement, knee disability symptoms, and functionality. Conclusion No significant association was identified between adherence to a home exercise program and central sensitization, pain intensity, and functionality in individuals with KOA.

Efficacy of home-based exercise in the treatment of pain and disability at the hip and knee in patients with osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…For patients suffering from long-term OA, pain may become a source of exercise phobia, and muscle strength may directly or indirectly influence their physical activities [ 45 ]. Studies have found no significant correlation between HBE and central sensitization or pain intensity, and exercise intensity does not induce more adverse reactions [ 46 – 48 ]. Low educational level has been identified as an important factor contributing to catastrophic pain and exercise phobia in OA patients [ 49 ], highlighting the need for healthcare providers to pay attention to psychological behavior induction and pain neuroscience education to eliminate patient fear of exercise.…”

Qualitative analysis of the factors affecting Home Exercise Program (HEP) adherence among clients with chronic musculoskeletal pain

“…Continued adherence was an interplay of multiple factors, inclusive of the perceived benefits of the exercises and the clients' selfefficacy and ability to accommodate exercises into their everyday schedules [16]. Adherence is majorly driven by the desire to wean off pharmacological pain management, avoid the need for surgery and, sustain independence in ADL without being a burden on the family [4].…”

“…Exercise therapy can be described as a therapeutic approach that relies on the consistent repetition of activities to enhance resistance and reduce the duration of impairment. Exercise has been shown to be beneficial in chronic MSK pain management due to its ability to induce adaptation of the neuromuscular system to conditions that may result in joint loading and instability during functional activities [4]. Exercise interventions can take the form of insession exercises, athome exercises, or both.…”

“…A Home Exercise Program (HEP) is a set of takehome exercise regime, prescribed and educated to the clients by the physiotherapist, based on individual health needs [5]. Whether conducted with or without onsite supervision, HEPs are known for being costeffective and requiring minimal or no equipment [4]. This can be achieved as long as the clients adequately adhere to the prescribed HEP.…”