Association between 4-day vaginal temperature assessment during the dry period and performance in the subsequent lactation of dairy cows during the warm season1,2

Scanavez, A.L.A.; Fragomeni, B. O.; Rocha, L.; Voelz, B.E.; Hulbert, L.E.; Mendonça, L.G.D.

doi:10.2527/jas2017.1620

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Daily pattern of CBT for cows classified as having LT or HT is depicted in Figure 1. Further prepartum descriptive data comparing cows with LT or HT, and THI data for each replicate are reported in Scanavez et al (2017). As expected, average daily CBT was greater (P < 0.01) for HT cows than LT cows (39.01 ± 0.03 vs. 38.72 ± 0.03 °C), given the criterion used to categorize cows as having HT or LT.…”

Section: Prepartum and Ambient Descriptive Datamentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Regardless of geographic proximity of herds, differences in exposure to heat stress should not be neglected. In the experiment that used the same cows as the current study (Scanavez et al, 2017), no difference in CBT was detected between Dairy A and Dairy B. It is likely that classifying cows as having high or low CBT reduced the statistical power of the analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Considering that most health disorders in dairy cows are diagnosed early postpartum (LeBlanc et al, 2006), research regarding the effects of heat stress during the dry period on the periparturient cow is fundamental to improve animal welfare and health during summer months. In a recent study conducted by our research group, we demonstrated an association between CBT during the dry period and postpartum health in the subsequent lactation (Scanavez et al, 2017). Nonetheless, it is unknown which factors are associated with CBT during the dry period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Various methods have been used to evaluate magnitude of heat stress in dry cows. The most common methods consist of assessing CBT rectally (do Amaral et al, 2011;Karimi et al, 2015) or vaginally (Chen et al, 2016;Scanavez et al, 2017). Although rectal and vaginal temperatures are highly correlated (Suthar et al, 2013), vaginal temperature assessments enable monitoring of CBT in multiple time points across the day (e.g., 1 measurement every 1 min).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data of animals obtained from a previous experiment (Scanavez et al, 2017) were used in the present study. All procedures reported herein were conducted under protocols approved by the Kansas State University's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal factors associated with core body temperature of nonlactating dairy cows during summer1

Scanavez

Fragomeni

Mendonça

2018

Journal of Animal Science

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The primary objectives of the current study were to investigate animal factors associated with core body temperature (CBT) and to determine the time of the day in which CBT assessment best describes the magnitude of hyperthermia throughout the day of heat-stressed dry cows. The secondary objective was to develop a predictive model for CBT of dry cows. Nonlactating Holstein cows (n = 105) with 250 to 260 d of gestation from 2 commercial dairies were enrolled in the study during summer. During 4 consecutive days, CBT from all cows was recorded in 5-min intervals and average CBT was calculated for each cow. In addition, mean, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation of daily CBT were calculated and using these measures cows were categorized as having high temperature (HT) or low temperature (LT) based on the median values. Cows carrying twins had greater (P < 0.01) CBT than cows bearing singletons (39.07 ± 0.07 vs. 38.84 ± 0.03 °C). Average CBT decreased (P < 0.01) 0.015 ± 0.004 °C for each 1-d increase in gestation length. Cows in Dairy A tended (P = 0.09) to have lower CBT than cows in Dairy B (38.91 ± 0.04 vs. 39.00 ± 0.06 °C). Season of birth, lactation number, body condition score category, previous projected 305-d mature equivalent milk yield, days in milk at dry-off, days after dry-off at enrollment, days of gestation at enrollment, and calf sex were not associated (P > 0.12) with CBT. Principal component analyses showed that 71% of the variance of CBT was explained by the first principal component alone, which was correlated with mean CBT (r = 0.99). Among all time points assessed, CBT recorded at 2215 h had the highest correlation with the first principal component (r = 0.93). The best agreement for classifying cows as HT or LT was between mean daily CBT and assessment at 2215 h (k = 0.73). The model that resulted in best predictivity (0.56) of average CBT included the following variables: dairy, gestation length, and twinning. In conclusion, findings from the present study suggest that CBT assessed between 250 and 260 d of gestation is negatively associated with gestation length and cows bearing twins have greater CBT than singletons. Our results indicate that the best time of the day to evaluate severity of heat stress in dry cows is 2215 h. Predictive models for CBT of dry cows should include dairy, twinning, and gestation length.

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Section: Prepartum and Ambient Descriptive Datamentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal factors associated with core body temperature of nonlactating dairy cows during summer1

Scanavez

Fragomeni

Mendonça

2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Physiological, health, lactation, and reproductive traits of cooled dairy cows classified as having high or low core body temperature during the dry period1

Scanavez

Voelz

Moraes

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Primary objectives of this study were to compare concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) before calving, prolactin (PRL) after calving, and energy balance indicators before and after calving in cooled cows classified as having high (HT) or low (LT) core body temperature (CBT) during the dry period. Secondary objectives were to investigate associations between dry-period CBT and likelihood of cows developing health disorders, and compare health, productive and reproductive traits of HT and LT cows. Dry Holstein cows (n = 260) with 250 to 260 d of gestation from three herds were enrolled in the study during summer. Cows were provided evaporative cooling during the dry and lactating period. The vaginal temperature was recorded in 5-min intervals during 7 consecutive days and cows were classified as HT or LT. Blood samples were collected weekly from enrollment until 14 ± 3 d in milk (DIM). Additional blood samples were collected within 12 h postpartum from a subgroup of cows (n = 25) to determine PRL concentration. Cows were monitored for health disorders, productive, and reproductive performance until 13 wk of the subsequent lactation. High temperature cows had shorter (P < 0.01) gestation length (273.9 ± 0.9 vs. 278.2 ± 0.9 d) and greater (P < 0.01) incidence of twinning (19.7 vs. 4.2%) than LT cows. Cows classified as HT had greater (P = 0.02) PAG concentration (134.1 ± 4.9 vs. 117.4 ± 4.9 ng/mL), but postpartum PRL concentration did not (P = 0.55) differ between HT and LT cows. Primiparous HT cows had greater (P = 0.05) prepartum nonesterified fatty acids concentration (135, 95% CI = 102 to 178 vs. 104, 95% CI = 75 to 144 mmol/dL) than primiparous LT cows, but no differences (P = 0.72) were observed between CBT group in multiparous cows. The concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate was greater (P = 0.04) for LT compared with HT cows at 7 ± 3 DIM. The quadratic effect of CBT tended (P = 0.09) to be associated with risk of health disorders within 60 DIM. Milk yield tended (P = 0.10) to be greater for LT compared with HT cows (49.3 ± 1.9 vs. 46.2 ± 1.6 kg). Pregnancy per AI at first service did not (P = 0.64) differ between HT and LT cows. In conclusion, HT cows have distinct concentrations of PAG in late gestation and energy balance indicators during the transition period. In addition, CBT assessment during the dry period may be a useful tool to identify cows expected to have impaired health and milk yield in the subsequent lactation.

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Differences in ruminal temperature between pregnant and non-pregnant Korean cattle

Kim

Ha²,

Yi³

et al. 2021

J Anim Reprod Biotechnol

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Among these indicators, several studies have reported that changing body temperature in cows is associated with reproductive performance. A study showed that body temperature increased in pregnant cows and changing of body temperature highly correlates with physiological mechanisms (Suthar et al., 2012). Furthermore, body temperature in lactating dairy cattle is higher than that in pregnant cows because of metabolic heat generation. It was shown that body temperature in pregnant cows was

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Association between 4-day vaginal temperature assessment during the dry period and performance in the subsequent lactation of dairy cows during the warm season1,2

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Animal factors associated with core body temperature of nonlactating dairy cows during summer1

Animal factors associated with core body temperature of nonlactating dairy cows during summer1

Physiological, health, lactation, and reproductive traits of cooled dairy cows classified as having high or low core body temperature during the dry period1

Differences in ruminal temperature between pregnant and non-pregnant Korean cattle

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