5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was described as a modulator interacting with other neurotransmitter systems. The neurotransmitter exerts diverse physiological and pharmacological effects through acting on its multiple receptors. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT2A), a member of the 5-HT receptors, has received considerable attention for its implications in mental diseases and cognitive abilities 1 . The receptor is one of the G protein-coupled serotonin receptors in cerebral cortex 2 . It is involved in the processes of phosphoinositide hydrolysis, which regulates a variety of intracellular signals and controls the differentiation of cells 3 . 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A is expressed at high levels in cerebral cortical areas and at intermediate levels in the hippocampus, nucleus accumbens and the hypothalamus 4 . The postsynaptic activations of receptor in those brain structures may increase during the process of memory 5,6 . The 5-HT2A gene is located 13q14.2. The gene has been considered as one of the antipsychotic drugs targets. Some studies have demonstrated that the gene is associated with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and personality traits [7][8][9] . Recently, direct genetic analyses have identified some functional variants in the gene. The rs6313 was the one of most ABSTRACT: Background: 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT2A) participates in diverse psychiatric disorders by regulating the activity of serotonin. Some previous studies have also suggested that the receptor is involved in cognitive abilities of disease groups. We hypothesize that some functional genetic variants in 5-HT2A have certain specific influences on cognitive abilities in a normal population. Method: To confirm this hypothesis, two polymorphisms (rs6313 and rs4941573) in 5-HT2A were selected, and a population-based study was performed in a young healthy Chinese Han cohort. Results: The results indicated that the rs6313 and rs4941573 were associated with touching blocks and mental rotation-3D error ratio in males, and the rs4941573 was associated with visuo-spatial working memory in the whole cohort. Conclusion: All the findings suggest that 5-HT2A participates in human spatial cognitive abilities and spatial working memory.RÉSUMÉ: Des variations du 5-HT2A influencent les habiletés nécessaires à la cognition spatiale et la mémoire à court terme. Contexte : Le récepteur 2A de la 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT2A) est impliqué dans la pathogenèse de différentes maladies psychiatriques à cause de son activité sur la sérotonine. Selon certaines études antérieures, il est possible que le récepteur influence les habiletés cognitives dans certains groupes de maladies. Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que des variantes génétiques fonctionnelles du 5-HT2A aient des influences spécifiques sur les habiletés cognitives dans la population normale. Méthode : Deux polymorphismes situés dans le gène 5-HT2A, rs6313 et rs4941573, ont été choisis. Nous avons effectué une étude de population chez une cohorte de jeunes Chinois Han en bonne santé afin de ...