Associated links among mtDNA glycation, oxidative stress and colony sectorization in Metarhizium anisopliae

Li, Lin; Pischetsrieder, Monika; Leger, Raymond J. St.; Wang, Chengshu

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2008.06.003

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…1D). For oxidative stress challenge, H 2 O 2 was supplied in the PDA plates to a final concentration of 20 mM (15). The A. nidulans strain TN02A7 (pyrG89; pyroA4; nkuA::argB2; riboB2; veA1) was used for fungal transformation and protein localization analysis (23).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycelia were harvested, and washed twice with ice-cold sterile water and homogenized in an extraction buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 0.2 mM EDTA, 15% sucrose) (15). The homogenates were centrifuged at 5000 ϫ g for 5 min at 4°C and the supernatant was collected and centrifuged for another 30 min at 15,000 g to pellet crude mitochondria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of colony deterioration varies considerably among fungal species/strains and correlates with the growth environments, especially the composition of nutrient medium (11,12). In addition, unlike the phenotype of senescence observed in the model fungus Podospora anserina (13), morphological variants of other filamentous fungi could be subcultured for many generations without growth arrest (14,15). The mechanism(s) underlying fungal culture degeneration is poorly understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous studies on the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae revealed that fungal culture degeneration showed the signs of aging such as cellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 1 , mitochondrial (mt) dysfunctions, and mtDNA glycation (14,15). According to the vicious cycle theory of aging, mitochondria are the primary source of intracellular ROS production and also one of the important targets of ROS damage, which leads to generation of additional ROS (18,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Linkage of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions to Spontaneous Culture Degeneration in Aspergillus nidulans

Lin

Xia

et al. 2014

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Filamentous fungi including mushrooms frequently and spontaneously degenerate during subsequent culture maintenance on artificial media, which shows the loss or reduction abilities of asexual sporulation, sexuality, fruiting, and production of secondary metabolites, thus leading to economic losses during mass production. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of fungal degeneration, the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans was employed in this study for comprehensive analyses. First, linkage of oxidative stress to culture degeneration was evident in A. nidulans. Taken together with the verifications of cell biology and biochemical data, a comparative mitochondrial proteome analysis revealed that, unlike the healthy wild type, a spontaneous fluffy sector culture of A. nidulans demonstrated the characteristics of mitochondrial dysfunctions. Relative to the wild type, the features of cytochrome c release, calcium overload and up-regulation of apoptosis inducing factors evident in sector mitochondria suggested a linkage of fungal degeneration to cell apoptosis. However, the sector culture could still be maintained for generations without the signs of growth arrest. Up-regulation of the heat shock protein chaperones, anti-apoptotic factors and DNA repair proteins in the sector could account for the compromise in cell death. The results of this study not only shed new lights on the mechanisms of spontaneous degeneration of fungal cultures but will also provide alternative biomarkers to monitor fungal culture degeneration. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linkage of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions to Spontaneous Culture Degeneration in Aspergillus nidulans

Lin

Xia

et al. 2014

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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“…In fact, sectoring of different genotypes is seen in many species (14)(15)(16). A suite of adaptations, including synchronous nuclear division and autonomous translocation of nuclei between tips (17), may help to preserve genetic diversity in a small apical population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nuclear dynamics in a fungal chimera

Roper

Simonin

Hickey

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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A fungal colony is a syncytium composed of a branched and interconnected network of cells. Chimerism endows colonies with increased virulence and ability to exploit nutritionally complex substrates. Moreover, chimera formation may be a driver for diversification at the species level by allowing lateral gene transfer between strains that are too distantly related to hybridize sexually. However, the processes by which genomic diversity develops and is maintained within a single colony are little understood. In particular, both theory and experiments show that genetically diverse colonies may be unstable and spontaneously segregate into genetically homogenous sectors. By directly measuring patterns of nuclear movement in the model ascomycete fungus Neurospora crassa, we show that genetic diversity is maintained by complex mixing flows of nuclei at all length scales within the hyphal network. Mathematical modeling and experiments in a morphological mutant reveal some of the exquisite hydraulic engineering necessary to create the mixing flows. In addition to illuminating multinucleate and multigenomic lifestyles, the adaptation of a hyphal network for mixing nuclear material provides a previously unexamined organizing principle for understanding morphological diversity in the more-thana-million species of filamentous fungi.heterokaryon | hydrodynamics | biological networks G enetic diversity between individuals is important to the resilience of species (1) and ecosystems (2). However, physical and genetic barriers constrain internal genetic diversity within single organisms: Cell walls limit nuclear movement between cells, whereas separation of germ and somatic cell lines means that diversity created by somatic mutations is not transmitted intergenerationally. However, in syncytial organisms, including filamentous fungi and plasmodial slime molds (3), populations of genetically different and mobile nuclei may share a common cytoplasm ( Fig. 1A and Movie S1). Internal diversity may be acquired by accumulation of mutations as the organism grows or by somatic fusion followed by genetic transfer between individuals. For filamentous fungi, intraorganismic diversity is ubiquitous (4, 5). Shifting nuclear ratios to suit changing or heterogeneous environments enhances growth on complex substrates such as plant cell walls (6) and increases fungal virulence (7). Fusion between different fungal individuals is limited by somatic (heterokaryon) compatibility barriers (8), and most internal genetic diversity results from mutations within a single, initially homokaryotic individual (4). However, somatic compatibility barriers are not absolute (9), and exchange of nuclei between heterospecific individuals is now believed to be a motor for fungal diversification (10-12).A fungal chimera must maintain its genetic richness during growth. Maintenance of richness is challenging because fungal mycelia, which are made up of a network of filamentous cells (hyphae), grow by extension of hyphal tips. A continual tipward flow of vesicles and n...

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In vitro nonenzymatic glycation of guanosine 5′-triphosphate by dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Cohenford

Dutta

et al. 2008

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a glycolytic intermediate that has been found to be significantly elevated in the erythrocytes of diabetic patients and patients with triosephosphate isomerase deficiency. DHAP spontaneously breaks down to methylglyoxal, a potent glycating agent that reacts with proteins and nucleic acids in vivo to form advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). Like methylglyoxal, DHAP itself is also a glycating metabolite, capable of condensing with proteins and altering their structure or function. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the susceptibility of nucleotides to nonenzymatic attack by DHAP, and to determine the factors influencing the rate and extent of nucleotide glycation by this sugar. Of the four nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, CTP, GTP and UTP) that were studied, only GTP was reactive, forming a wide range of UV and fluorescent products with DHAP. Increases in temperature and nucleotide concentration enhanced the rate and extent of GTP glycation by DHAP and promoted the heterogeneity of AGEs. Capillary electrophoresis, HPLC, and mass spectrometry allowed for a thorough analysis of the glycated products and demonstrated that the reaction of DHAP with GTP occurred via the classical Amadori pathway.

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Associated links among mtDNA glycation, oxidative stress and colony sectorization in Metarhizium anisopliae

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Linkage of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions to Spontaneous Culture Degeneration in Aspergillus nidulans

Linkage of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunctions to Spontaneous Culture Degeneration in Aspergillus nidulans

Nuclear dynamics in a fungal chimera

In vitro nonenzymatic glycation of guanosine 5′-triphosphate by dihydroxyacetone phosphate

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