Associated factors and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Brief Irritability Test (BITe) in Paraguayan population

Abstract

Agresión (AQ). Resultados: la prueba de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) fue adecuada (KMO=0,880) y la esfericidad se probó significativamente (p<0,001). El análisis confirmatorio confirmó que la escala es unidimensional. El ajuste del modelo fue bueno, según todos los índices de ajuste. El alfa de Cronbach también confirmó una excelente consistencia interna (α=0,91). Las puntuaciones entre las dos escalas (BITe y AQ) han mostrado una buena convergencia (r=0,512; p<0,001). Conclusiones: La versión en español del BITe es una escala unidimensional de cinco ítems tipo Likert que muestra buena validez interna y alta confiabilidad, lo que implica que esta versión tiene excelentes propiedades psicométricas tanto para hombres como para mujeres hispanohablantes.

Validation of the Arabic version of the brief irritability test (Ar-BITe) in non-clinical adolescents

“…This is consistent with the original English (α = 0.91) and other language (i.e. Turkish α = 0.86, [ 43 ]; French α = 0.80, [ 41 ]; Spanish α = 0.91 [ 42 ]) versions. Multi-group analyses indicated invariance across sex groups in our sample at the configural, metric, and scalar levels.…”

“…Mean total scores found in the present sample were of 13.68. Mean scores reported in previous studies were of 12.95 in Canadian [ 37 ], 12.99 in Turkish [ 43 ], 15.36 in French [ 41 ], and 16.51 in Spanish [ 42 ] populations. These differences in BITe scores may be explained by differences in the samples’ characteristics, by cultural differences specific to each country [ 44 ], and/or by distinct functioning of the BITe across groups and countries [ 63 , 64 ].…”

“…As for factorial validity, and utilizing the CFA approach, we found that the five items of the Arabic BITe loaded into a single factor, thus supporting the originally proposed factor model of the scale [ 37 ]. The other linguistic versions available of the BITe were also able to replicate the unidimensional factor solution of the BITe among French-speaking Belgian [ 41 ] and Spanish-speaking Paraguayan [ 42 ] non-clinical adults, as well as Turkish-speaking undergraduate and postgraduate students [ 43 ]. The one-factor structure of the BITe was also supported in other samples and countries (e.g., US community adults [ 62 ]).…”

“…The BITe is preferred over other measures not only for being more economical and time-efficient, but also for having stronger content validity, which signifies that it is more specific in differentiating irritability from similar, related but distinct constructs (such as aggression and anger) and in identifying qualities linked to irritability [ 3 , 37 , 38 ]. Since its development, the BITe has been translated and validated in other-than-English languages, including French [ 41 ], Spanish [ 42 ], and Turkish [ 43 ]. However, as far as we are aware of, there is no Arabic version of the BITe available.…”

Hope, resilience and subjective happiness among general population of Paraguay in the post COVID-19 pandemic

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mental health worldwide (Torales, O’Higgins, et al, 2020). In Paraguay, several studies have reported that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in perceived stress, irritability, fear, phobia, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders and addictive behaviours in the population, as well as burnout among health care professionals (Barrios et al, 2021, 2022; Ferreira Gould et al, 2021; Figueredo et al, 2022; Torales, Ríos-González, et al, 2020; Torales et al, 2021; Torales, González, et al, 2022; Torales, Ríos-González, et al, 2022). However, research has not measured the level of protective factors for mental health in the general population after the declared end of pandemic by the World Health Organization in the beginning of 2023 (WHO, 2023).…”