Assistência ao recém-nascido prematuro e família no contexto da COVID-19

Abstract

Objetivo: Discorrer sobre a assistência ao recém-nascido prematuro e família no contexto da COVID-19. Métodos: Ensaio teórico-refl exivo fundamentado em evidências atuais e nos princípios do Modelo de Cuidado Centrado no Paciente e Família. Resultados: A assistência aos neonatos prematuros no contexto da COVID-19 visa a prevenção, o controle, a detecção precoce e o tratamento oportuno dos infectados, além da incorporação de estratégias que possibilitem, sobretudo, a participação efetiva da família na assistência prestada. Conclusão: Os efeitos da COVID-19 nos prematuros ainda não estão bem esclarecidos. Cabe aos profi ssionais de saúde prezar por um cuidado seguro, de qualidade e centrado nas necessidades do neonato e de sua família durante a pandemia. AbstractsObjective: To discuss about care for premature newborns and their families in the context of COVID-19. Methods: Theoretical-refl ective essay based on current evidence and the principles of the Patient and Family Centered Care Model. Results: Nursing care for premature newborns in the context of COVID-19 aims at prevention, control, early detection and timely treatment of those infected, in addition to the incorporation of strategies that enable, above all, the effective participation of the family in the care provided. Conclusion:The effects of COVID-19 on premature infants are still unclear. It is up to health care professionals to care for safe, quality care and focused on the needs of the newborn and his family during the pandemic. ResumenObjetivo: Discutir la atención de salud para recién nacidos prematuros y sus familias en el contexto de COVID-19. Métodos: Ensayo teórico-refl exivo basado en la evidencia actual y los principios del modelo de atención centrada en el paciente y la familia. Resultados: La atención de enfermería a los recién nacidos prematuros en el contexto de COVID-19 tiene como objetivo la prevención, el control, la detección temprana y el tratamiento oportuno de los infectados, además de la incorporación de estrategias que permiten, sobre todo, la participación efectiva de la familia en la atención brindada. Conclusión: Los efectos de COVID-19 en bebés prematuros aún no están claros. Depende de profi ssionales de la salud una atención segura y de calidad y centrarse en las necesidades del recién nacido y su familia durante la pandemia. DescritoresRecém-nascido prematuro; Família; Infecções por coronavírus; COVID-19

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient- and Family-Centered Care and on the Mental Health of Health Care Workers, Patients, and Families

“…Family-Centered care in the pediatric intensive care unit their children, sharing decision-making for care and minimizing the negative impacts of separation (9).…”

“…As the disease spread worldwide and aiming to ensure the continuity of adequate care, the need arose to restructure and reorganize patient management protocols. As health care workers, families, and patients were forced to practice physical distancing, the relationship between them and the practices involved in patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) were affected directly and indirectly ( 9 ). Based on a narrative review of the literature, and supported by our observations in clinical practice, we aimed to describe the impact of the pandemic on PFCC in the PICU environment, especially regarding the presence of family members, family support, and communication with patients and their families, as well as their effects on the mental health of those involved.…”

“…Given the current situation, new ways of providing PFCC are needed. Virtual meetings have been the strategy used in some facilities to bring parents closer to their children, sharing decision-making for care and minimizing the negative impacts of separation ( 9 ).…”

“…The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as masks and gowns has been recommended both inside and outside the hospital. However, these interfere with nonverbal communication, which is of the utmost importance in interactions between providers, patients, and families, and can make it difficult for health care workers to gauge the emotional reactions of family members, of which they must also be aware ( 9 , 40 ).…”

“…The high workload of health personnel and the absence of family members at some moments during hospitalization have also interfered with communication. In this context, telemedicine has been used as a strategy to maintain communication with families, such as by holding video calls with parents during rounds and scheduling meetings to share decisions and care plans ( 9 ). Although not equivalent to face-to-face encounters ( 42 ), these strategies can minimize difficulties in communication.…”