Assimilation, Security, and Borders in the Member States

King, Desmond; Galès, Patrick Le; Vitale, Tommaso

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198793373.003.0022

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this regard, our results could be also interpreted from a structural and organizational point of view for healthcare delivery. Indeed, King and colleagues [40] argue how (1) compulsory assigned residency, (2) resources (including language skills), and (3) freedom of movement (related to documented/undocumented status) could be consolidating heavy and stable forms of devaluation, reification, and stigma, denying access to healthcare for certain groups with negative consequences on the health of migrants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Healthcare for Migrant Patients in Europe: Healthcare Discrimination and Translation Services

Gil-Salmerón

Katsas

Riza

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Discrimination based on ethnicity and the lack of translation services in healthcare have been identified as main barriers to healthcare access. However, the actual experiences of migrant patients in Europe are rarely present in the literature. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess healthcare discrimination as perceived by migrants themselves and the availability of translation services in the healthcare systems of Europe. Methods: A total of 1407 migrants in 10 European Union countries (consortium members of the Mig-HealthCare project) were surveyed concerning healthcare discrimination, access to healthcare services, and need of translation services using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Migrants in three countries were excluded from the analysis, due to small sample size, and the new sample consisted of N = 1294 migrants. Descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analyses were conducted to investigate the risk factors on perceived healthcare discrimination for migrants and refugees in the EU. Results: Mean age was 32 (±11) years and 816 (63.26%) participants were males. The majority came from Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria, and Iran. Older migrants reported better treatment experience. Migrants in Italy (0.191; 95% CI [0.029, 0.352]) and Austria (0.167; 95% CI [0.012, 0.323]) scored higher in the Discrimination Scale to Medical Settings (DMS) compared with Spain. Additionally, migrants with better mental health scored lower in the DMS scale (0.994; 95% CI [0.993, 0.996]), while those with no legal permission in Greece tended to perceive more healthcare discrimination compared with migrants with some kind of permission (1.384; 95% CI [1.189, 1.611]), as opposed to Austria (0.763; 95% CI [0.632, 0.922]). Female migrants had higher odds of needing healthcare assistance but not being able to access them compared with males (1.613; 95% CI [1.183, 2.199]). Finally, migrants with chronic problems had the highest odds of needing and not having access to healthcare services compared with migrants who had other health problems (3.292; 95% CI [1.585, 6.837]). Conclusions: Development of culturally sensitive and linguistically diverse healthcare services should be one of the main aims of relevant health policies and strategies at the European level in order to respond to the unmet needs of the migrant population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Healthcare for Migrant Patients in Europe: Healthcare Discrimination and Translation Services

Gil-Salmerón

Katsas

Riza

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…According to Ziersch and colleagues, discrimination has been attributed to adverse impacts on the mental health of people from refugee backgrounds in Australia [ 46 ]. King and colleagues also argue that (1) compulsory assigned residency, (2) resources (included language skills), and (3) freedom of movements (in our case, related to visa category restrictions) could be consolidating heavy and stable forms of devaluation, reification, and stigma, denying the access to healthcare for certain groups of migrants and refugees in Europe [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical Access to Child and Family Healthcare Services and Hospitals for Africa-Born Migrants and Refugees in NSW, Australia; A Spatial Study

Njue

Nicholas

Robertson

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: African-born migrants and refugees arriving from fragile states and countries with political and economic challenges have unique health needs requiring tailored healthcare services and support. However, there is little investigation into the distribution of this population and their spatial access to healthcare in Australia. This paper reports on research that aimed to map the spatial distribution of Africa-born migrants from low and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs) and refugees in New South Wales (NSW) and access to universal child and family health (CFH) services and hospitals. Methods: We analysed the Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016 Census data and Department of Social Services 2018 Settlement data. Using a Geographic Information System mapping software (Caliper Corporation. Newton, MA, USA), we applied data visualisation techniques to map the distribution of Africa-born migrants and refugees relative to CFH services and their travel distance to the nearest service. Results: Results indicate a spatial distribution of 51,709 migrants from LLMICs in Africa and 13,661 refugees from Africa live in NSW, with more than 70% of the total population residing in Sydney. The Africa-born migrant and refugee population in Sydney appear to be well served by CFH services and hospitals. However, there is a marked disparity between local government areas. For example, the local government areas of Blacktown and Canterbury-Bankstown, where the largest number of Africa-born migrants and refugees reside, have more uneven and widely dispersed services than those in Sydney’s inner suburbs. Conclusion: The place of residence and travel distance to services may present barriers to access to essential CFH services and hospitals for Africa-born refugees and migrants. Future analysis into spatial-access disadvantages is needed to identify how access to health services can be improved for refugees and migrants.

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“…To sum up, previous research suggests that social contexts matter for the social and economic condition of immigrants. The key point is that social networks provide ego with a whole bunch of different resources, and this variety of resources supports integration and well‐being even in hostile environments (King, Le Galès, & Vitale, ). The labour market achievements of migrants then depend on the links between individual and household characteristics and their social connections when entering the destination country (Zhou & Min, ).…”

Section: Immigrants' Residential Segregation and Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immigrants' Residential Segregation and Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

Egohoods that segregate. Immigrants, social contexts, and income penalties

Zampatti

Ballarino

Squazzoni

2019

Population Space and Place

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This paper looks at the causal impact of residential segregation on income among migrants in Brescia, a wealthy industrial city of about 200,000 inhabitants in North‐Eastern Italy, where almost one citizen out of five is born abroad. Using a new register‐like dataset including economic and demographic microdata from administrative sources, we geo‐localised each migrant household and created for each individual an “egohood” by imposing buffer circles with the same diameter (250 or 500 m) around his or her residential location. Within this spatial area of reference, we calculated indices of ethnic segregation and exposure to Italian natives, thus measuring the individual network of potential contacts with co‐ethnics and with Italians. Following social networks and social capital theories, we expected ethnic segregation to have a negative impact and exposure to natives to have a positive impact on income and tested our hypotheses with a set of ordinary least squares and two‐stage least squares with instrumental variables regression models. Results showed a robust and negative effect of ethnic segregation on income, whereas a small and positive effect of exposure to natives was not robust to endogeneity checks. We also found substantial heterogeneity among migrant groups defined by macroareas of origin: Exposure to Italians was found to have the expected impact only among migrants coming from Eastern Europe and from the Middle East and North Africa.

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Assimilation, Security, and Borders in the Member States

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Access to Healthcare for Migrant Patients in Europe: Healthcare Discrimination and Translation Services

Access to Healthcare for Migrant Patients in Europe: Healthcare Discrimination and Translation Services

Geographical Access to Child and Family Healthcare Services and Hospitals for Africa-Born Migrants and Refugees in NSW, Australia; A Spatial Study

Egohoods that segregate. Immigrants, social contexts, and income penalties

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