Assimilation efficiencies of chemical contaminants in aquatic invertebrates: A synthesis

Wang, Wen‐Xiong; Fisher, Nicholas S.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620180923

Cited by 337 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The assimilation of radionuclides depends upon the digestive physiology of individual organisms (Wang and Fisher 1999). The 210 Po and 210 Pb activities in the intestine were found to be higher next only to the hepatopancreas in crabs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Tissue distribution of 210Po and 210Pb in select marine species of the coast of Kudankulam, southern coast of Gulf of Mannar, India

Khan¹,

Wesley²

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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Activities of 210Po and 210Pb in various tissues of four species of decapod crabs and two species of cephalopod mollusks (cuttlefishes) of Kudankulam coast were studied. A non-uniform distribution of these radionuclides was observed between the organs. Of all the tissues, 210Po and 210Pb were found accumulated more in the hepatopancreas and intestine of crabs and in the digestive gland, shell gland, and intestine of cephalopods. Among crabs, Charybdis lucifera registered a little higher 210Po and 210Pb activities. The cephalopod species Loligo duvauceli displayed higher 210Po and 210Pb in some organs when compared to Sepia pharaonis. The muscle of all the species registered lower activity. In cephalopods, the activity ratio of 210Po/210Pb fell within the range of 1-2 for most of the organs, and in crab tissues, it varied from 1.7 to 31.4. The biological concentration factor for organs of cephalopods ranged from 1.2×10(3) to 4.3×10(5) for 210Po and 4.8×10(2) to 8.4×10(4) for 210Pb and for organs of crabs it varied between 2.0×10(4) and 1.9×10(6) for 210Po and 9.2×10(2) and 2.4×10(4) for 210Pb. The study revealed that the organs associated with digestion and metabolism displayed a higher activity concentration than the other tissues. A significant variation in the accumulation of 210Po and 210Pb was noted between species (P<0.05). The activity levels recorded are in agreement with values recorded in related organisms in other parts of the world. The data generated will act as a reference database for these organisms of this coast in which a nuclear power station is under construction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Tissue distribution of 210Po and 210Pb in select marine species of the coast of Kudankulam, southern coast of Gulf of Mannar, India

Khan¹,

Wesley²

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Diatoms were grown axenically for several generations in an S-diatom medium. [36] They were harvested onto 1.2-mm Isopore membrane filters (Millipore) and rinsed with soft water [33] to make algal mats. We employed the protocol described by Croteau et al [27] to present the algae in a form the snails would ingest.…”

Section: Dietborne Uptake Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopically modified silver nanoparticles to assess nanosilver bioavailability and toxicity at environmentally relevant exposures

et al. 2014

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Environmental context. Predicting the environmental implications of nanotechnology is complex in part because of the difficulty in studying nanoparticle uptake in organisms at environmentally realistic exposures. Typically, high exposure concentrations are needed to detect accumulation and effects. We use labelled Ag nanoparticles to determine whether Ag bioaccumulation responses are linear over concentrations likely to occur in the environment, and whether concentration-dependent changes in agglomeration and dissolution affect bioavailability.Abstract. A major challenge in understanding the environmental implications of nanotechnology lies in studying nanoparticle uptake in organisms at environmentally realistic exposure concentrations. Typically, high exposure concentrations are needed to trigger measurable effects and to detect accumulation above background. But application of tracer techniques can overcome these limitations. Here we synthesised, for the first time, citrate-coated Ag nanoparticles using Ag that was 99.7 % 109 Ag. In addition to conducting reactivity and dissolution studies, we assessed the bioavailability and toxicity of these isotopically modified Ag nanoparticles ( 109 Ag NPs) to a freshwater snail under conditions typical of nature. We showed that accumulation of 109 Ag from 109 Ag NPs is detectable in the tissues of Lymnaea stagnalis after 24-h exposure to aqueous concentrations as low as 6 ng L À1 as well as after 3 h of dietary exposure to concentrations as low as 0.07 mg g À1. Silver uptake from unlabelled Ag NPs would not have been detected under similar exposure conditions. Uptake rates of 109 Ag from 109 Ag NPs mixed with food or dispersed in water were largely linear over a wide range of concentrations. Particle dissolution was most important at low waterborne concentrations. We estimated that 70 % of the bioaccumulated 109 Ag concentration in L. stagnalis at exposures ,0.1 mg L À1 originated from the newly solubilised Ag. Above this concentration, we predicted that 80 % of the bioaccumulated 109 Ag concentration originated from the 109 Ag NPs. It was not clear if agglomeration had a major influence on uptake rates.

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“…The studies have shown that the geochemical properties of sediments are critical in affecting the metal bioavailability (Luoma and Campbell 1987;Wang and Fisher 1999). Metals bound to different phases behave differently in the sedimentary and diagenetic environment and therefore have different potentials for remobilization and for the uptake by biota.…”

Section: Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment and fractionation of heavy metals in bed sediments of River Narmada, India

Jain

Gupta

Chakrapani

2007

Environ Monit Assess

142

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A metal fractionation study on bed sediments of River Narmada in Central India has been carried out to examine the enrichment and partitioning of different metal species between five geochemical phases (exchangeable fraction, carbonate fraction, Fe/Mn oxide fraction, organic fraction and residual fraction). The river receives toxic substances through a large number of tributaries and drains flowing in the catchment of the river. The toxic substances of particular interest are heavy metals derived from urban runoff as well as municipal sewage and industrial effluents. Heavy metals entering the river get adsorbed onto the suspended sediments, which in due course of time settle down in the bottom of the river. In this study fractionation of metal ions has been carried out with the objective to determine the eco-toxic potential of metal ions. Although, in most cases (except iron) the average trace/heavy metal concentrations in sediments were higher than the standard shale values, the risk assessment code as applied to the present study reveals that only about 1-3% of manganese, <1% of copper, 16-19% of nickel, 4-20% of chromium, 1-4% of lead, 8-13% of cadmium and 1-3% of zinc exist in exchangeable fraction and therefore falls under low to medium risk category. According to the Geo-accumulation Index (GAI), cadmium shows high accumulation in the river sediments, rest of other metals are under unpolluted to moderately polluted class.

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Assimilation efficiencies of chemical contaminants in aquatic invertebrates: A synthesis

Cited by 337 publications

References 82 publications

Tissue distribution of 210Po and 210Pb in select marine species of the coast of Kudankulam, southern coast of Gulf of Mannar, India

Tissue distribution of 210Po and 210Pb in select marine species of the coast of Kudankulam, southern coast of Gulf of Mannar, India

Isotopically modified silver nanoparticles to assess nanosilver bioavailability and toxicity at environmentally relevant exposures

Enrichment and fractionation of heavy metals in bed sediments of River Narmada, India

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