Assignment of local coordinate systems and methods to calculate tibiotalar and subtalar kinematics: A systematic review

Lenz, Amy L.; Strobel, Marisa A.; Anderson, Abigail; Fial, Alissa; MacWilliams, Bruce A.; Krzak, Joseph J.; Kruger, Karen M.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110344

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…While similar approaches have been previously proposed, particularly for the tibia and talus [ 12 ], a systematic use of morphological fitting to define ARS in the foot has not been previously reported in the literature. In comparison with other possible approaches, morphological fitting shows several advantages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development and dissemination of new biomedical imaging techniques, such as Weight Bearing CT (WBCT) scanners based on the cone-beam technology, is providing easier access to a complete 3D representation of the foot and ankle bones, opening the way to new approaches in ARS definition [ 12 ]. In the literature, alternative approaches are based on landmarks [ 13 , 14 ], principal inertial axes [ 15 , 16 ], morphological fitting of geometrical features [ 17 , 18 ] or a combination of the previous techniques [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New anatomical reference systems for the bones of the foot and ankle complex: definitions and exploitation on clinical conditions

Conconi

Pompili

Sancisi

et al. 2021

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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Background A complete definition of anatomical reference systems (ARS) for all bones of the foot and ankle complex is lacking. Using a morphological approach, we propose new ARS for these bones with the aim of being highly repeatable, consistent among individuals, clinically interpretable, and also suited for a sound kinematic description. Methods Three specimens from healthy donors and three patients with flat feet were scanned in weight-bearing CT. The foot bones were segmented and ARS defined according to the proposed approach. To assess repeatability, intra class coefficients (ICC) were computed both intra- and inter-operator. Consistency was evaluated as the mean of the standard deviations of the ARS position and orientation, both within normal and flat feet. Clinical interpretability was evaluated by providing a quantification of the curvature variation in the medial-longitudinal and transverse arches and computing the Djiann-Annonier angle for normal and flat feet from these new ARS axes. To test the capability to also provide a sound description of the foot kinematics, the alignment between mean helical axes (MHA) and ARS axes was quantified. Results ICC was 0.99 both inter- and intra-operator. Rotational consistency was 4.7 ± 3.5 ° and 6.2 ± 4.4° for the normal and flat feet, respectively; translational consistency was 4.4 ± 4.0 mm and 5.4 ± 2.9 mm for the normal and flat feet, respectively. In both these cases, the consistency was better than what was achieved by using principal axes of inertia. Curvature variation in the arches were well described and the measurements of the Djiann-Annoier angles from both normal and flat feet matched corresponding clinical observations. The angle between tibio-talar MHA and ARS mediolateral axis in the talus was 12.3 ± 6.0, while the angle between talo-calcaneal MHA and ARS anteroposterior axis in the calcaneus was 17.2 ± 5.6, suggesting good capability to represent joint kinematics. Conclusions The proposed ARS definitions are robust and provide a solid base for the 3-dimensional description of posture and motion of the foot and ankle complex from medical imaging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New anatomical reference systems for the bones of the foot and ankle complex: definitions and exploitation on clinical conditions

Conconi

Pompili

Sancisi

et al. 2021

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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“…This becomes an essential baseline for determining measurement consistency. In addition, consistent evaluation is significant, as identifying the accurate location of the axis is the standard in evaluating foot models [22,41]. In addition, identifying the specific estimates of STJ AoR could provide an accurate estimation of joint moments, joint angles, and muscle forces [5], as well as improving the clinical assessment of the ankle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of a Novel Instrument for the Measurement of Subtalar Joint Axis of Rotation

Kim

Lee

2021

IJERPH

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Inclination of the subtalar joint (STJ) in the sagittal and transverse planes may be highly associated with ankle pathology. However, the validity and reliability of measuring the inclination of the STJ axis of rotation (AoR) is not well established. This study aimed to develop a custom-made STJ locator (STJL) and evaluate its reliability and validity. To establish the reliability and validity of the measurement device for STJ AoR, 38 healthy male participants were recruited. For the reliability analysis, test–retest was used, and for validity analysis, Pearson’s correlation and Bland–Altman plot analyses were performed. In the reliability analysis of the STJL, a higher correlation was observed with the sagittal plane (0.930) and transverse plane (0.748) (standard error of measurement: 0.56–0.78; minimal detectable difference: 1.57–2.16). In the validity analysis between radiography and STJL, a significantly higher value of 0.798 was obtained with radiography (42.5) and STJL (43.5) with the sagittal plane. The custom-made STJL may be used in the clinical setting as its validity and intraclass correlation coefficient were high, indicating consistent measurements. Further studies including motion analysis are necessary to provide more information regarding the relationship between STJ AoR inclinations and STJ movements.

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“…Definitions obtained from former biomechanical studies will be used for clinical interpretation of changes in the TCA. 3,40 Changes in the TCA cor corresponded to eversion and inversion: medial and lateral rotation about the anteroposterior axis of the foot form the proximal segment (talus) relative to the distal segment (calcaneus) in the frontal plane. Alterations of the TCA sag corresponded to plantarflexion and dorsiflexion: anterior and posterior rotation about the transverse axis of the foot form the talus relative to the calcaneus in the sagittal plane.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Models and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Ankle Varus Deformity Alters Subtalar Joint Alignment

et al. 2022

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Background: Although correction of ankle and hindfoot deformity after supramalleolar osteotomy has been investigated extensively, the specific effect on the subtalar joint alignment remains elusive. This can be attributed to the limitations of 2-dimensional measurements, which impede an exact quantification of the 3-dimensional subtalar joint alignment. Therefore, we determined both the ankle, hindfoot, and subtalar joint alignment before and after supramalleolar osteotomy using autogenerated 3-dimensional measurements based on weightbearing CT imaging. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with a mean age of 50.4±10.6 years were retrospectively analyzed in a pre-post study design using weightbearing CT. Inclusion criteria were correction of ankle varus deformity by an opening wedge (n = 22) or dome osteotomy (n = 7). Exclusion criteria consisted of an additional inframalleolar arthrodesis or osteotomy. Corresponding 3-dimensional bone models were reconstructed to compute following autogenerated measurements of the ankle- and hindfoot alignment: tibial anterior surface (TAS), tibiotalar surface (TTS), talar tilt (TT) angle, hindfoot angle (HA). In addition, the talocalcaneal angle (TCA) in the axial (TCAax), sagittal (TCAsag), and coronal (TCAcor) plane were measured to assess the subtalar joint alignment. Results: The preoperative radiographic parameters of the ankle joint alignment (TAS=88±4 degrees, TTS=82±7 degrees, TT=5.8±4.9 degrees) improved significantly relative to their postoperative equivalents (TAS = 93±5 degrees, TTS = 88±7 degrees, TT=4.2±4.5 degrees; P < .05). The following radiographic parameters of the hindfoot and subtalar joint alignment improved significantly from preoperatively (8.7±8.9 degrees, TCAax = 41±10 degrees, TCAsag = 48±10 degrees) to postoperatively (HA=4.5±8.6 degrees, TCAax = 38±9 degrees, TCAsag = 44±11 degrees; P < .05). No significant differences could be detected in the coronal plane alignment of the subtalar joint (TCAcor) pre- compared to postoperatively ( P > .05). Conclusion: This study quantified the 3-dimensional ankle, hindfoot, and subtalar joint alignment after a solitary supramalleolar osteotomy. We found alterations in the subtalar joint alignment, which occurred by 2 to 3 degrees in each anatomic plane. However, before recommendations can be given related to inframalleolar procedures in conjunction to supramalleolar osteotomies, further studies on the variation of subtalar joint alignment change are needed.

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Assignment of local coordinate systems and methods to calculate tibiotalar and subtalar kinematics: A systematic review

Cited by 31 publications

References 86 publications

New anatomical reference systems for the bones of the foot and ankle complex: definitions and exploitation on clinical conditions

New anatomical reference systems for the bones of the foot and ankle complex: definitions and exploitation on clinical conditions

Validity and Reliability of a Novel Instrument for the Measurement of Subtalar Joint Axis of Rotation

Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Ankle Varus Deformity Alters Subtalar Joint Alignment

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