Assessment on the Characterization of Mineralogical Phase of Ceramic Tiles Available in Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) Using XRD and FTIR Analyses

Budhathoki, Pramod; Paudyal, Gopal; Oli, Rishiram; Duwal, Nirjan; Bhattarai, Jagadeesh

doi:10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.21171

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…The similar result of the FTIR absorption peak at 540-550 cm -1 due to the presence of hematite in the fired ceramic bodies was reported in previous works also. 22,23,44…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A small broken piece of each brick samples was thoroughly hand grounded in an agate mortar to make a fine powder for XRD and FTIR analyses as described elswhere 22 . Mineralogical phase characterization of the clay brick samples was carried out at Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur using XRD analysis on a D8 Advanced Diffractometer (Bruker, Germany) with CuKα radiation (λ = 0.15418 nm) at a scanning rate of 2 o /minute in 2θ mode between 10° and 70° as described elswhere 22,23 . The powder form of the brick sample was loaded in a sample holder in a random orientation to minimize the preferred orientations of the clay materials for XRD analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on the Mineralogical Phase of Ancient Brick Samples of Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) Using XRD and Ftir Analysis

Ghale¹,

Bohara²,

Duwal³

et al. 2019

RJC

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The total eight clay brick samples including five archaeologically importance samples from different historical sites and three samples from more than a century old buildings of Kathmandu valley were collected and their mineralogical phases were characterized using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic methods in this study. Mineralogical phases existed in these archaeological and ancient clay bricks are identified as quartz, feldspars, spinel, muscovite, margarite and hematite in accordance with the powder diffraction standard files. The degree of the disappearance of feldspars phase and appearance of the spinel phase in all the brick samples is found to be different indicating that the firing temperature applied to produce these brick specimens should not be same. The firing temperature applied for the production of the eight clay brick samples should be in the range of 900°-1000° C. Most of the archaeological clay brick samples used in this study should be produced by firing at the high-temperature comparison with those brick samples used in old buildings of Kathmandu valley.

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“…The similar result of the FTIR absorption peak at 540-550 cm -1 due to the presence of hematite in the fired ceramic bodies was reported in previous works also. 22,23,44…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on the Mineralogical Phase of Ancient Brick Samples of Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) Using XRD and Ftir Analysis

Ghale¹,

Bohara²,

Duwal³

et al. 2019

RJC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Three sample specimens of each type of the collected clay tiles were prepared for analysis of their physico-sintering properties of water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density and mechanical property of the flexural strength. Mineralogical phase characterization of these clay tile samples used in the present research work was analyzed using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic techniques and the phases of quartz, feldspars, spinel, mullite and hematite were confirmed in these fired-tile bodies [17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Physico-Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Clay Tiles Available in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal

Budhathoki¹,

Duwal²,

Bhattarai³

2018

Asian J. Chem.

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Usages of various ceramic products have been recently attracted more attention than the counterpart of metallic and polymeric materials in scientific community [1,2], because the ceramic products have advantageous physical, chemical, refractoriness, strength retention at high temperature, high melting point and good mechanical properties [3-5]. Early evidence of the uses of the clay-based ceramic products was found in Harappan, Chinese, Greek civilizations, etc. [3,5]. For example, it was reported that the glazed tile was used to decorate the wall of the famous Tower of Babel and the Ishtar Gate in the ancient City of Babylon about 562 BC [3]. Clay tiles are generally used as coverings for floor, wall, facade or roof and can ranges from simple square tiles to complex mosaics and they are generally classified into six different types depending on their water (moisture) absorption capacity as well as their shaping or production methods. They are fully vitrified also called porcelain tile, semi-vitrified, terracotta, glazed porous, glazed vitrified and mosaics tiles [6]. However, all types of these clay tiles should be durable, rigid, hygienic, non-combustible and fire resistant with

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“…In the past, a few researchers studied the geological genesis [25][26][27][28][29], mineralogical [30][31][32][33], physicosintering [34][35][36][37], and ceramics [38][39][40] properties of clay minerals/soils of Nepal. A detailed study about the properties of porcelain raw materials deposited in Pachamane (Shivapuri conservation area of Kathmandu district) and Daman (Makawanpur district) areas of Nepal was carried out since the 1990s [9,32,[41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis Exploration of White Clays Deposited in Thimi Area of Kathmandu Valley

Dhakal¹,

Duwal²,

Adhikari³

et al. 2021

J. Nepal Chem. Soc.

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The geological genesis of the Thimi-Sanothimi white clay deposits of Kathmandu Valley was explored employing mineralogical and chemical analyses in this research. For the study, two sample specimens of the clay having two types of particle size, i.e., about < 63 µm (bulk) and < 2 µm (fine), were separated with the help of standard sieve mesh which further modified using high-temperature heat, and 1 M HCl and 1 M KCl solution treatments. For the most part, both the clay fractions constituted of 2:1 type of vermiculite and mica (mainly of K-mica type) clay minerals with different feldspars and quartz phases as clay admixtures from the results of the mineralogical phase analysis. The chemical constituents of the clay particles with < 63 µm, < 2 µm, and the HCl-treated sample specimens confirmed the existence of a high quantity of SiO2 with comparatively low Al2O3 which indicates the presence of fewer amounts of the vermiculite and mica minerals comparatively with feldspars and quart admixtures in the analyzed white clay samples. Moreover, the clay sample contained a considerable quantity of Fe2O3 and MgO chemicals which are not favorable raw material constituents for good quality porcelains and white-wares products without refining and chemical-modifications. The present work could be the first step to explore its potentiality in various industrial sectors like table-ware, sanitary-ware, brick and tile ceramics, paper and pulp, petrochemical, pharmaceutical including environmental pollution controlling agents in Nepal.

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Assessment on the Characterization of Mineralogical Phase of Ceramic Tiles Available in Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) Using XRD and FTIR Analyses

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Investigation on the Mineralogical Phase of Ancient Brick Samples of Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) Using XRD and Ftir Analysis

Investigation on the Mineralogical Phase of Ancient Brick Samples of Kathmandu Valley (Nepal) Using XRD and Ftir Analysis

Investigation on Physico-Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Clay Tiles Available in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal

Genesis Exploration of White Clays Deposited in Thimi Area of Kathmandu Valley

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