Assessment of yield stability in sorghum

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)) is the third major cereal crop in Ethiopia in terms of area and production next to tef (Eragrostis tef) and maize (Zea mays). It is the major crop in drought stressed lowland areas that cover 66% of the total arable land in the country. Yield stability is one of the setbacks facing plant breeders in developing widely adapted varieties with superior yield. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of genotype by environment (GxE) on the yield stability of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using fifteen genotypes in eight environments (Locations x years combination). There were significant differences among the genotypes, the environments and GxE interactions. Thus, the three types of univariate stability models: Type-1 (CV i and S had strong rank correlation (r=0.97) but both had either very weak or no rank correlation with the rest of the parameters tested. The Sd 2 i had very weak negative correlation with the remaining parameters. Based on the three stability statistics, the different genotypes were classified as stable. To compliment and verify findings of this univariate approach, the GxE which uses a mulivariate approach was used. The multivariate approach (AMMI model) gives a broader inference. Based on the AMMI model, genotypes 2 and 5 were the most stable, although genotypes 1 and 3 had satisfactory levels of yield performance as well as stability. Therefore, these four genotypes with wider adaptation are recommended for sorghum growing dry lowlands of the country.Key Words: AMMI model, Ethiopia, GxE, hybrids, Sorghum bicolor RÉSUMÉLe Sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)) représente la 3 e principale céréale en Ethiopie, en termes de superficie de production, après le Tef (Eragrostis tef) et le maïs (Zea mays). Il est par ailleurs la culture majeure dans les zones de stress due à la sécheresse au sein des basses terres couvrant 66% de la superficie arable totale du pays. La stabilité du rendement constitue l'une des difficultés que rencontrent les agriculteurs dans le développement de variétés largement adaptées et présentant un rendement supérieur. La présente étude était menée dans le but d'établir par investigations l'effet du genotype et de l'environnement (GXE) sur la stabilité du rendement du sorgho (Sorghum bicolor) par l'utilisation de 15 génotypes au sein de huit environnements (sites x combinaisonannées). Il y avait des différences significatives parmi les génotypes, les environnements ainsi que les interactions GXE. Par conséquent, produisant les 3 types de modèles de stabilité à variable unique: Type -1 (CV i et S avait une corrélation négative très faible avec les autres paramètres restants. Se basant sur les 3 statistiques de stabilité; les différents génotypes étaient classifiés comme stables. En vue de pouvoir compléter et vérifier les résultants par cette approche à variable unique, le GXE qui utilise une approche à multi variants a été utilisé. Cette dernière approche (AMMI Model) donne une large ASFAW ADUGNA 84 déduction. Se basant...

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