Assessment of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae component binding to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis using bovine epithelial cells

Abstract

BackgroundSince yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its components are being used for the prevention and treatment of enteric diseases in different species, they may also be useful for preventing Johne’s disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (MAP). This study aimed to identify potential yeast derivatives that may be used to help prevent MAP infection. The adherence of mCherry-labeled MAP to bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T cells) and bovine primary epithelial cells (BECs) co-cultured with yeast cell wall components (CWCs) from four different yeast strains (A, B, C and D) and two forms of dead yeast from strain A was investigated.ResultsThe CWCs from all four yeast strains and the other two forms of dead yeast from strain A reduced MAP adhesion to MAC-T cells and BECs in a concentration-dependent manner after 6-h of exposure, with the dead yeast having the greatest effect.ConclusionsThe following in vitro binding studies suggest that dead yeast and its’ CWCs may be useful for reducing risk of MAP infection.

Inhibition ofEscherichia coliinvasion into bovine mammary epithelial cells previously infected byMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis

“…A potential concern about the preceding observations was that the reduction of E. coli internalization to epithelial cells was due to decreased cell viability. Li et al (2016) demonstrated that the yeast cell wall components reduced MAP binding to mammary epithelial cells, but this fact was partially attributed to decreased cell viability. Although some authors have worked with the MAP invasion process in MAC-T cells (Li et al 2016;Schwarz et al 2018), it is known that MAP is capable of inducing apoptosis in macrophages by a caspase-dependent or caspase-independent mechanism and mitochondrial damage (Periasamy et al 2013).…”

“…Bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) line have been widely used in adhesion/invasion assays (Li et al 2016) and thus was used in this experiment. MAC-T cells (kindly provided by Dr Yung-Fu Chang, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA) were cultured in T25 cell culture flasks (TPP Techno Plastic, St. Louis, MO, USA) at 37 C with 5% CO 2, containing Dulbecc os Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Gibco-BRL, Grand Island, NY, USA) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS; Sigma-Aldrich, St.…”

“…Probiotics (Lactobacillus casei and Lactococcus lactis V7) were able to inhibit the adhesion and invasion of Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli in mammary cells (Bouchard et al 2013;Assis et al 2015). Similarly, the presence of cell wall components from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were effective in inhibiting MAP adhesion to MAC-T and bovine primary epithelial cells (Li et al 2016).…”

“…These results demonstrated that a mammary epithelial cell previously infected by a mastitis-associated bacterium facilitated the subsequent infectious process by another non mastitis-associated bacterium. Others also have demonstrated the influence of coinfection between pathogenic bacteria in the mammary gland (Bouchard et al 2013;Assis et al 2015;Li et al 2016). Probiotics (Lactobacillus casei and Lactococcus lactis V7) were able to inhibit the adhesion and invasion of Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli in mammary cells (Bouchard et al 2013;Assis et al 2015).…”

In vitro bioassessment of the immunomodulatory activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae components using bovine macrophages and Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis

“…More specifically, we have shown that CWC from specific S. cerevisiae strains can reduce attachment of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) to different types of epithelial cells (Li et al, 2016). Mycobacterium avium ssp.…”