Assessment of whole-body composition with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Slosman, Daniel O.; Casez, J P; Pichard, Claude; Rochat, Thierry; Féry, Françoise; Rizzoli, R.; Bonjour, J. P.; Morabia, Alfredo; Donath, A

doi:10.1148/radiology.185.2.1410379

Cited by 137 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…At time 0, plasma apolipoprotein B and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 levels were also measured. During the first day, body lean and fat mass distributions were also measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) with a total-body DEXA scanner (Holojic QDR-2000), as described previously (15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE -To determine whether a chronic low-glycemic index (LGI) diet, compared with a high-glycemic index (HGI) diet, has beneficial effects on plasma glucose control, lipid metabolism, total fat mass, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Twelve type 2 diabetic men were randomly allocated to two periods of 4 weeks of an LGI or HGI carbohydrate diet separated by a 4-week washout interval, in a crossover design. RESULTS -TheLGI diet induced lower postprandial plasma glucose and insulin profiles and areas under the curve than after the HGI diet. At the end of the two dietary periods, the 7-day dietary records demonstrated equal daily total energy and macronutrient intake. Body weight and total fat mass were comparable. Four-week LGI versus HGI diet induced improvement of fasting plasma glucose (P Ͻ 0.01, ⌬ changes during LGI vs. HGI), HbA 1c (P Ͻ 0.01), and whole-body glucose utilization measured by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (P Ͻ 0.05).LGI diet induced a decrease in fasting plasma total and LDL cholesterol (⌬ changes LGI vs. HGI, P Ͻ 0.01), free fatty acids (P Ͻ 0.01), apolipoprotein B, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity. CONCLUSIONS -Only 4 weeks of anLGI diet was able to improve glycemic control, glucose utilization, some lipid profiles, and the capacity for fibrinolysis in type 2 diabetes. Even if changes in glycemic control were modest during the 4-week period, the use of an LGI diet in a longer-term manner might play an important role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related disorders. Diabetes Care 27:1866 -1872, 2004D iabetes is a chronic evolving disease associated with a variety of microand macrovascular complications. Increasing postprandial plasma glucose and insulin excursions are assumed (1,2) to increase severity of diabetes and to be independent predictors of risk for atherosclerotic diseases. As such, interventions to reduce postprandial plasma glucose and insulin peaks are one of the essential therapeutic objectives for diabetic patients and could reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular complications.Because dietary carbohydrate is one of the main factors in controlling postprandial hyperglycemia, it is reasonable to question whether the type of dietary carbohydrate can modify the evolution and complications of this disease in a clinically significant long-term fashion.There is growing recognition that the postprandial glycemic (3,4) and insulinemic (5) responses to different foods may vary despite equal amounts of total absorbable carbohydrates. This concept favors the use of low-glycemic index (LGI) carbohydrates. Although focusing on the total amount of carbohydrate intake is important for diabetic patients (6,7), using LGI carbohydrates could lead to additional benefits without increasing the fat content of the diet and consequently increasing plasma free fatty acids (FFAs), with all their deleterious consequences (8).Whether the glycemic index (GI) of foods has relevance to human health has been a topic o...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…FFM was measured using whole-body DXA (Hologic QDR-4500 1 instrument, Enhanced Whole Body 8.26a software version; Hologic Inc. Waltham, MA, USA). The precision of the measurements is 1.0 and 2.0% for the FFM and FM, respectively (Mazess et al, 1990;Slosman et al, 1992). The effective total body radiation dose is 5.2 mSv (Blake et al, 1996;Lewis et al, 1994).…”

Section: Body Composition Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related differences in fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, body cell mass and fat mass between 18 and 94 years

et al. 2001

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To determine (1) lean and fat body compartments, re¯ected by fat-free mass (FFM), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), body cell mass (BCM), total body potassium (TBK), fat mass and percentage fat mass, and their differences between age groups in healthy, physically active subjects from 18 to 94 y of age; and (2) if the rate of decrease in any one of the parameters by age might be accelerated compared to others. Methods: A total of 433 healthy ambulatory Caucasians (253 men and 180 women) aged 18 ± 94 y were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and whole body scintillation counter (TBK counter) using a large sodium iodide crystal (203 mm diameter). Results: The ASMM change (716.4 and 712.3% in men and women, respectively) in b 75 y-old compared to 18 to 34-y-old subjects was greater than the FFM change (711.8 and 79.7% in men and women, respectively) and this suggests that skeletal muscle mass decrease in older subjects was proportionally greater than non-skeletal muscle mass. BCM (725.1 and 723.2% in men and women, respectively) and TBK differences were greater than the differences in FFM or ASMM suggesting altered composition of FFM in older subjects. Women had lower peak FFM, ASMM, BCM and TBK than men. Conclusions: The decline in FFM, ASMM, BCM and TBK is accelerated in men and women after 60 y of age and FFM, ASMM, BCM and TBK are signi®cantly lower than in younger subjects. Fat mass continued to increase until around 75 y. Sponsorship: Foundation Nutrition 2000Plus, Geneva, Switzerland. Descriptors: dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); total body potassium (TBK); fat-free mass; appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM); body cell mass (BCM); fat mass.

show abstract

“…The precision of the measurements is 1.0 and 2.0% for the LBM and FM, respectively. 22,23 The effective total body radiation dose is 5.2 mSv. 24,25 The percentage of body fat was measured using the manufacturer's default definition.…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurements and Bioelectrical Impedance Analmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal follow-up of body composition in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients

Kyle

Chalandon

Miralbell

et al. 2005

Bone Marrow Transplant

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary:Patients with hematological malignancies are well nourished prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). HSCT and associated complications can affect body composition. The study evaluated crosssectionally the prevalence and longitudinally the changes in lean body mass index (LBMI) in HSCT patients. Patients (n ¼ 82) were classified as normal or low LBMI. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for low vs normal LBMI, between healthy volunteers and patients; for limited or extensive vs no chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD); and for decreased (Karnofsky o80) vs normal functional status (480). Patients were significantly more likely to have low LBMI at 6, 12 months, 2-3, 4-6 and 46 years than volunteers. In all, 38% of patients were below pre-HSCT LBMI at 4-6 years post-HSCT. Low LBMI was significantly associated with steroid treatment (OR 2.6, confidence intervals (CI) 1.3-5.2, P ¼ 0.008); limited (OR 5.5, CI 1.7-18.5, P ¼ 0.005) or extensive chronic GVHD (OR 20.3,, Po0.001); and decreased performance status (Karnofsky scores of p80) (OR 2.7, CI 1.3-5.9, P ¼ 0.01). Patients were more likely to have low LBMI than volunteers. Chronic GVHD and low performance status were associated with low LBMI; thus, complications and/or treatment increase the likelihood of low LBMI. Patients with hematological malignancies are usually well nourished at the time of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). 1,2 However, nutritional consequences after HSCT have not been well studied. Underweight patients are at increased risk of death in the early post-HSCT period, and nonrelapse mortality is greater for extremely underweight or overweight patients. 3,4 High body mass index (BMI), weight normalized for height, may also affect treatment-related toxicity and mortality. 5 Furthermore, low lean body mass (LBM) has been associated with poor outcome and increased length of hospital stay. 6 Allogeneic HSCT and associated complications, including infections and graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), can affect body weight and body composition. Immunosuppressive therapy after transplantation has been shown to alter skeletal muscle metabolism. 7 Corticosteroids promote muscle atrophy by increasing the rate of protein catabolism, amino-acid efflux, while simultaneously decreasing the rate of protein synthesis. 8 Thus, treatment and complications following HSCT exert profound negative effects on LBM.As low LBM is associated with poor outcome, the evaluation of LBM and body fat changes in pre-and post-HSCT patients can aid in adapting nutrition policy, for example, nutrition support in malnutrition and food restriction in obesity. 9 Just as BMI is useful in evaluating the excess or deficit in body weight in individuals of different heights, the lean body mass index (LBMI, kg/m 2 ) and body fat mass index (BFMI, kg/m 2 ) are potentially useful in evaluating body composition parameters by effectively eliminating differences in LBM and body fat with height. 10 Height-indepe...

show abstract

Assessment of whole-body composition with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Cited by 137 publications

References 0 publications

Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men

Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men

Age-related differences in fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, body cell mass and fat mass between 18 and 94 years

Longitudinal follow-up of body composition in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About