Assessment of water quality of Damodar River in South Bengal region of India by Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) Water Quality Index: a case study

Abstract

A B S T R A C TRiver Damodar situated in the South Bengal region of India is the main source of water for the surrounding industries and agricultural places. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the water quality of Damodar River in terms of an index under the influence of several physical and chemical parameters by using Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method as the river has been subjected to enormous contamination in recent times. Water samples have been procured from eight different locations along the river bank in the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon for the entire period of 2012. Immensely complex data were coined into a single term for the sake of convenience using CCME WQI method. This index consists of three elements: scope, frequency, and amplitude. Besides this, the seasonal variation of different water quality parameters like pH, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, chloride, fluoride, chromium, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, oil, grease, and total Coliform were also assessed during the aforementioned time period. The relationships among the eight sampling stations were emphasized by cluster analysis to characterize and evaluate CCME WQI that produces an index value in the range of 0-100 to reflect the worst and best quality water, respectively. Nevertheless, the CCME WQI values obtained from the respective stations depict fair values on an average except the last sampling station Tetul Bagan Gas Canal where the river water is heavily contaminated and thus require pre-treatment before use.

Spatio-seasonal variation of water quality influenced by land use and land cover in Lake Muhazi

“…Traditionally, water quality has been evaluated via measuring physico-chemical, and biological parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, turbidity, total solids (TS), temperature, total phosphate (TP), nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and fecal coliform (FC) 24 . The measurement of these parameters employs various indices through mathematical and statistical methods that several organizations have suggested and adopted 25 . Among the various water quality indices, the National Sanitation Foundation related index (NSF-WQI) has become the most effective approach used to collect and process data on water resources to improve management activities 26 .…”

Trace metal composition of rainwater and aerosol from Kolkata, a megacity in eastern India

“…The drinking water standards of India consist of several criteria such as: (1) perceptible parameters and inorganic constituents, (2) organic substances, (3) pesticides, (4) disinfectant and disinfectant by-products, (5) radioactive constituents, and (6) micro-organisms [46]. The present study focuses only on the inorganic components of the rainwater.…”

KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN METODE IP, STORET, dan CCME WQI DALAM MENENTUKAN STATUS KUALITAS AIR

“…Lokasi terakhir (D8) Sungai Damodar mempunyai kualitas air sangat tercemar karena pembuangan limbah domestik, pembuangan limbah industri, sampah, dan pencemaran karena aktivitas manusia lainnya. Diperlukan tindakan pencegahan dan tindakan pengaturan dengan melakukan pemantauan untuk mencegah polutan yang melebihi ambang batas yang diizinkan (Haldar, et al, 2014) Kelima, penelitian dilakukan di Sungai Mahrut, Diyala, Iraq. Pemantauan kualitas air dilakukan untuk kebutuhan irigasi dengan metode CCME WQI dengan 15 parameter yaitu : pH, EC, HCO 3 , Cl, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni dan Zn.…”