Assessment of Water Quality in Tigris River of AL-Kut City, Iraq by Using GIS

Abstract

The concerns about water contaminants affect most developing countries bypassing rivers over them. The issue is challenging to introduce water quality within the allowed limits for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes. In the present study, physical-chemical parameters measurements of water samples taken from eleven stations were collected during six months in 2020 through flow path along the whole length of Tigris River inside AL Kut city (center of Wassit government) were investigated for six parameters are total hardness TH, hydrogen ion pH, biological oxygen demand BOD5, total dissolved solids TDS, nitrate NO3, and sulfate SO4. The water quality analysis results were compared with the maximum allowable limit concentration recommended by World Health Organization WHO and Iraqi limitation spastically; TH, BOD5, TDS, and SO4 had an average value of 421, 62, 813, and 376 mg/l, respectively. The spatial distribution of six water quality parameters within the studied area was carried out by implementing the Quantum Geography Information System QGIS technique established on the Inverse Distance Weighted IDW method to produce the interpolation predicted maps of stations along the river in Al Kut city. The results showed water quality degraded and an increase in the concentrations observed for all parameters along the river path, especially at the last two stations due to attributed to human activities, land use and industrialization, and outfall of sewerage flow to the river directly without treatment. Spatial distribution is essential to give a thorough understanding of the river's contamination reality. This makes it easier to understand, analyze and find the appropriate treatments and solutions to the problem of water quality.

Assessment physical-chemical and biological properties of industrial wastewater in Al-Kut textile factory

“…These values can originate from suspended matter like dirt and fat, as well as animal waste from slaughterhouses (hair, fat, meat, and tripe). The findings were somewhat lower than those reported by [7,8]. TDS levels are highly correlated with discharge.…”

“…As a result, a substantial volume of wastewater is released straight into the river or streams that run into the river. It hurts the environment and public health, in addition to the concerns associated with the dumping of domestic garbage on both banks of the river within the city [8].…”

Eutrophication in Lake Batur: Current status and management strategies

“…While according to Regulation of Minister of Environment Regulation number 28/2009 the level of eutrophication can be determined using single parameter index as shown in Table 2 [16]. The result of eutrophication status in Lake Batur then visualized spatially using inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method in QGIS 3.18 [4,17]. The blue color shows the oligotrophic to mesotrophic status while green color shows the eutrophic to hypereutrophic status.…”

Assessment of Thermal Pollution at Selected Stretch of Tigris River in Baghdad by Field Observations and Numerical Simulations

“…Thermal pollution is the deterioration of water quality caused by a process that alters the ambient water temperature. (Cuttler and Pollycove, 2009;Khadim and Oleiwi, 2021). Power plants often cause thermal contamination.…”