Assessment of vaginal microbiota in Brazilian women with and without bacterial vaginosis and comparison with Nugent score

Oliveira, Laura Maria Andrade; Diniz, Cláudio Galuppo; Fernandes, Aline Augusta Sampaio; Souza-Sotte, Daniele Maria Knupp; Freitas, Michelle Cristine Ribeiro; Machado, Alessandra Barbosa Ferreira; Silva, Vânia Lúcia

doi:10.3855/jidc.9532

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Although several species of Lactobacillus were already identified in vaginal microbiota, the most predominant species found in normal vaginal microbiota are L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. jensenii, and L. iners (Farage et al, 2010;Borges et al, 2014;Oliveira et al, 2018). Also, other species could be detected in low amount among healthy vaginal microbiota such as Atopobium, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Gardnerella, Mobiluncus, Prevotella, Staphylococcus, Shigella (Hernández-Rodríguez et al, 2011;Gajer et al, 2012;Romero et al, 2014;Oliveira et al, 2018). These species can also behave as opportunistic pathogens (Gajer et al, 2012;Vaneechoutte, 2017a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Microbiota Evaluation and Lactobacilli Quantification by qPCR in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women: A Pilot Study

Pacha-Herrera

Vasco

Cruz-Betancourt³

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Pregnancy outcomes and women's health are directly affected by vaginal microbiota. This microbiota consists of a dynamic ecosystem of various microbes in different ratios, which in healthy conditions protect the vaginal epithelium from infections. However, cases of vaginal infection are regularly diagnosed in women of reproductive age, contributing to more severe outcomes. Therefore, our main goal was to determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV), aerobic vaginitis (AV), and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) among Ecuadorian pregnant and non-pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 217 women between 13 and 40 years old seeking primary healthcare in Carlos Andrade Marin Hospital (HCAM), Gynecological-Obstetric Hospital Isidro Ayora (HGOIA) and Center for Teaching Health Cipriana Dueñas during October 2018 to February 2019. The classical characterization of the vaginal microbiota was performed through microscopy by the Nugent criteria to evaluate the presence of BV, healthy and intermediate microbiota, by the criteria of Donders to determine the presence of AV and by the Marot-Leblond criteria to diagnose VVC. DNA extraction from vaginal samples and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis was performed to characterize the presence of Gardnerella spp., Mobiluncus mulieris, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and Lactobacillus spp. Finally, quantification of the lactobacilli was performed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for samples from women with normal vaginal microbiota and women with AV. Our results showed 52% of women with healthy microbiota, 7% with intermediate microbiota, and 41% with vaginal dysbiosis, comprising 27% with AV, 8% with BV and 4% with VVC and 2% with co-infections or co-dysbiosis. Additionally, a higher amount of lactobacilli were found in pregnant women when compared to non-pregnant women, while AV cases were characterized by a significant drop of Lactobacillus spp., more precisely, between 1E3 and 1E5 colony forming units (CFU)/ml. Pacha-Herrera et al. Vaginal Microbiota and Lactobacilli QuantificationFinally, women with normal vaginal microbiota showed an average load of lactobacilli between 1E6 and 1E7 CFU/ml. This pilot study showed no statistically significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women, pointing to the possibility to use lactobacilli quantification for the prevention of future vaginal infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Microbiota Evaluation and Lactobacilli Quantification by qPCR in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women: A Pilot Study

Pacha-Herrera

Vasco

Cruz-Betancourt³

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…It is probable that some of these bacteria, along with bacteria studied in our investigation, could be candidates responsible for microbial transition from healthy vaginal microbiome towards BV. Whether this percentage, of to us unknown bacteria, is mainly modified by single candidate, as it was suggested by some studies [27][28][29], or it is of multi-bacterial origin, could be an interesting question to answer for some future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quantification of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae and Lactobacillus spp. in bacterial vaginosis

Numanović

Ribis

Cukic

et al. 2021

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate prevalence of bacteria most frequently associated with bacterial vaginosis using Amsel’s criteria as well as to quantify these bacteria by real-time PCR and to explore the difference in their quantity between healthy and bacterial vaginosis samples. Methodology: For classification of vaginal discharge samples Amsel’s criteria have been used. To detect and quantify Gardnerella vaginalis Atopobium vaginae, Lactobacillus spp. and total vaginal microbiome, real-time PCR has been applied. Results: According to results of our study Amsel’s criteria matched well with real-time PCR diversification of healthy women and women with BV. Nevertheless, real-time PCR has been more sensitive in diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. DNA quantification of bacteria demonstrated that mutual abundance of G.vaginalis and A. vaginae was good bacterial vaginosis marker . On the contrary, Lactobacillus spp. was present in high amount in both healthy and bacterial vaginosis samples, but ratio of investigated bacteria was different between them. In fact, G. vaginalis and A. vaginae comprised only 0.1% of total microbiome in healthy, whereas Lactobacillus spp. took 99.3% of it. Nonetheless, in bacterial vaginosis, G. vaginalis and A. vaginae made up 34.4% of total microbiome, while Lactobacillus spp. was 21.6%. Conclusions: According to the results of our study real-time PCR analysis was more sensitive in diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis than Amsel’s method, as well as it represented fine tool in making a difference between microbial entities in healthy and bacterial vaginosis samples.

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“…Our study represents the BV as the most frequent vaginal infection (63.1%) ( Table 2 ) in south-eastern Gabon outpatients. Despite some kind of standardization by using the Nugent score that is considered as the gold standard for BV diagnosis, 29 the BV prevalence varies internationally. 9 , 30 , 31 However, our results are in line with the study of Bruins et al which presents the BV-like infections with the highest prevalence in women from the Netherlands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Infections’ Etiologies in South-Eastern Gabon – An Overview

Bignoumba¹,

Moghoa²,

Muandze-Nzambe³

et al. 2022

IJWH

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Introduction Discomfort in women of childbearing age associated with vaginal infections, namely bacterial vaginosis (BV), aerobic vaginitis (AV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and trichomoniasis (TV), represent a serious and ongoing gynecological complication throughout the world. Objective This study aimed to investigate the etiologies of vaginal infections among outpatients in south-eastern Gabon. Methodology A cross-sectional study was designed using participants referred directly by their treating doctor for a vaginal swab. Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Microscopic examinations were used for TV and BV diagnostic. All vaginal swabs were cultured for AV and VVC isolates using standard microbiology methods. Results A total of 573 women of reproductive age participated in the study. The most common identified vaginal infections were BV (62.8%) and AV (51.1%) followed by VVC (34.1%). No significant difference was observed for each etiology compared to socio-demographic data. Streptococcus B (23.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.7%), Klebsiella spp. (11.6%), and E. coli (5.8%) were the bacteria most associated with AV. A high incidence of non- C . albicans Candida (NCAC) strains causing vulvovaginitis were found. The prevalence of TV (2.1%) was low. Mixed infections had been common among participants. No association was found with TV and other vaginal infections, unlike others studies. The present study identified BV 228 (83.5%) and AV 227 (83.2%) as the main cause of mixed infections. The mixed infection AV-BV 113 (41.4%) was the most represented. Conclusion Also that simultaneous AV-BV-VVC represented 69 (25.3%) of mixed infections. Molecular analyses would be needed to identify the key species commonly associated with these vaginal infections.

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Assessment of vaginal microbiota in Brazilian women with and without bacterial vaginosis and comparison with Nugent score

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Vaginal Microbiota Evaluation and Lactobacilli Quantification by qPCR in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women: A Pilot Study

Vaginal Microbiota Evaluation and Lactobacilli Quantification by qPCR in Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women: A Pilot Study

Quantification of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae and Lactobacillus spp. in bacterial vaginosis

Vaginal Infections’ Etiologies in South-Eastern Gabon – An Overview

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