Assessment of urbanization and urban heat islands in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam using Landsat data

Son, N. T.; Chen, Chi Farn; Chen, Cheng Ru; Bui, Xuan‐Thanh; Vuong, Tran Hau

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2017.01.009

Cited by 78 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Rapid changes in the landscape have resulted in the conversion of natural vegetation and agricultural land into built-up (impervious) land, such as buildings, parking lots, roads, and other constructions [1][2][3][4]. This has caused several environmental problems at local, regional, and global scales [5], such as decreases in agricultural land [6]; habitat destruction [5,7,8]; air, soil, and water contamination [9][10][11]; increases in vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue [12]; decreases in green space [13,14]; and increases in land surface temperature (LST) [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Landscape Changes on Annual Mean Land Surface Temperature in the Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Nuwara Eliya (1996–2017)

et al. 2019

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Although urbanization has contributed to improving living conditions, it has had negative impacts on the natural environment in urbanized areas. Urbanization has changed the urban landscape and resulted in increasing land surface temperature (LST). Thus, studies related to LST in various urban environments have become popular. However, there are few LST studies focusing on mountain landscapes (i.e., hill stations). Therefore, this study investigated the changes in the landscape and their impacts on LST intensity (LSTI) in the tropical mountain city of Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka. The study utilized annual median temperatures extracted from Landsat data collected from 1996 to 2017 based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) interface. The fractions of built-up (BL), forested (FL) and agricultural (AL) land, were calculated using land use and cover maps based on urban–rural zone (URZ) analysis. The urban–rural margin was demarcated based on the fractions of BL (<10%), and LSTI that were measured using the mean LST difference in the urban–rural zone. Besides, the mixture of land-use types was calculated using the AL/FL and BL/FL fraction ratios, and grid-based density analysis. The results revealed that the BL in all URZs rapidly developed, while AL decreased during the period 1996 to 2017. There was a minimal change in the forest area of the Nuwara Eliya owing to the government’s forest preservation policies. The mean temperature of the study area increased by 2.1 °C from 1996 to 2017. The magnitude of mean LST between urban–rural zones also increased from 1.0 °C (1996) to 3.5 °C (2017). The results also showed that mean LST was positively correlated with the increase and decrease of the BL/FL and AL/FL fraction ratios, respectively. The grid-based analysis showed an increasing, positive relationship between mean LST and density of BL. This indicated that BL density had been a crucial element in increasing LST in the study area. The results of this study will be a useful indicator to introduce improved landscape and urban planning in the future to minimize the negative impact of LST on urban sustainability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Landscape Changes on Annual Mean Land Surface Temperature in the Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Nuwara Eliya (1996–2017)

et al. 2019

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“…These samples were analysed for TSS, Total N, NO 3 − , NH 4 + , Total P, PO 3− , and DSi. We considered that the impervious surface of H C M C was 27,142 ha in 2016 (Nguyen, Chi-Farn, Cheng-Ru, Bui-Xuan, & Tran-Hau, 2017). The annual flux was calculated as the product of weekly cumulative rain and weekly concentrations (see Table 1 and Equation(5).…”

Section: Atmospheric Depositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The annual flux was calculated as the product of weekly cumulative rain and weekly concentrations (see Table 1 and Equation(5). • n = 35 and 27,142 (ha) is the impervious surface of H C M C in 2016 (Nguyen et al, 2017).…”

Section: Atmospheric Depositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient budgets in the Saigon–Dongnai River basin: Past to future inputs from the developing Ho Chi Minh megacity (Vietnam)

Nguyen

Némery

Gratiot

et al. 2020

River Research & Apps

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Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC, Vietnam) is one of the fastest growing megacities in the world. In this paper, we attempt to analyse the dynamics of nutrients, suspended sediments, and water discharges in its aquatic systems today and in the future. The work is based on nine sampling sites along the Saigon River and one on the Dongnai River to identify the reference water status upstream from the urban area and the increase in fluxes that occur within the city and its surroundings. For the first time, the calculated fluxes allow drawing up sediment and nutrient budgets at the basin scale and the quantification of total nutrient loading to the estuarine and coastal zones (2012-2016 period). Based on both national Vietnamese and supplementary monitoring programs, we estimated the water, total suspended sediment, and nutrients (Total N, Total P, and dissolved silica: DSi) fluxes at 137 m 3 year −1 , tonSS year −1 , 5,323 tonN year −1 , 450 tonP year −1 , and m 3 year −1 for the Saigon River and 1,693 year −1 , 3,292 2,734 1,175 × 10 3 tonSi × 10 3 tonSS year −1 , 31,030 tonN year −1 , 1,653 tonP year −1 , and 31,138 tonSi year −1 for the Dongnai River, respectively. Nutrient fluxes provide an indicator of coastal eutrophication potential (indicator of coastal eutrophication potential), using nutrient stoichiometry ratios. Despite an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus over silica, estuarine waters downstream of the megacity are not heavily impacted by HCMC. Finally, we analysed scenarios of future trends (2025-2050) for the nutrient inputs on the basis of expected population growth in H C M C and improvement of wastewater treatment capacity. We observed that without the construction of a large number of additional wastewater treatment plants, the eutrophication problem is likely to worsen. The results are discussed in the context of the wastewater management policy.

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“…Ho Chi Minh City is located in the southeastern region of Vietnam, 1760 km south of the national capital Hanoi. Since the implementation of Vietnam's Doi Moi economic reform policy in 1986, this city has experienced rapid urbanization with a great influx of immigrants from rural areas [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Study Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Spatial Patterns of Urban Distribution and Impacts of Physical Conditions on Urbanization in Coastal and Inland Metropoles

Li²,

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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Urban expansion has long been a research hotspot and is often based on individual cities, but rarely has research conducted a comprehensive comparison between coastal and inland metropoles for understanding different spatial patterns of urban expansions and driving forces. We selected coastal metropoles (Shanghai and Shenzhen in China, and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam) and inland metropoles (Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia, Lanzhou in China, and Vientiane in Laos) with various developing stages and physical conditions for examining the spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansions in the past 25 years . Multitemporal Landsat images with 30 m spatial resolution were used to develop urban impervious surface area (ISA) distributions and examine their dynamic changes. The impacts of elevation, slope, and rivers on spatial patterns of urban expansion were examined. This research indicates that ISA is an important variable for examining urban expansion. Coastal metropoles had much faster urbanization rates than inland metropoles. The spatial patterns of urban ISA distribution and expansion are greatly influenced by physical conditions; that is, ISA is mainly distributed in the areas with slopes of less than 10 degrees. Rivers are important geographical factors constraining urban expansion, especially in developing stages, while bridges across the rivers promote urban expansion patterns and rates. The relationships of spatial patterns of urban ISA distribution and dynamics with physical conditions provide scientific data for urban planning, management, and sustainability.

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Assessment of urbanization and urban heat islands in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam using Landsat data

Cited by 78 publications

References 53 publications

The Impacts of Landscape Changes on Annual Mean Land Surface Temperature in the Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Nuwara Eliya (1996–2017)

The Impacts of Landscape Changes on Annual Mean Land Surface Temperature in the Tropical Mountain City of Sri Lanka: A Case Study of Nuwara Eliya (1996–2017)

Nutrient budgets in the Saigon–Dongnai River basin: Past to future inputs from the developing Ho Chi Minh megacity (Vietnam)

Examining Spatial Patterns of Urban Distribution and Impacts of Physical Conditions on Urbanization in Coastal and Inland Metropoles

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